基于移动健康和社交媒体的干预措施对患有早期精神病和精神病临床风险的年轻人的可行性：调查研究
Feasibility of Mobile Health and Social Media-Based Interventions for Young Adults With Early Psychosis and Clinical Risk for Psychosis: Survey Study.
作者信息
Franco Olivia H, Calkins Monica E, Giorgi Salvatore, Ungar Lyle H, Gur Raquel E, Kohler Christian G, Tang Sunny X
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
出版信息
JMIR Form Res. 2022 Jul 8;6(7):e30230. doi: 10.2196/30230.
BACKGROUND
Digital technology, the internet, and social media are increasingly investigated as promising means for monitoring symptoms and delivering mental health treatment. These apps and interventions have demonstrated preliminary acceptability and feasibility, but previous reports suggest that access to technology may still be limited among individuals with psychotic disorders relative to the general population.
OBJECTIVE
We evaluated and compared access to and use of technology and social media in young adults with psychotic disorders (PD), young adults with clinical risk for psychosis (CR), and psychosis-free youths (PF).
METHODS
Participants were recruited through a coordinated specialty care clinic dedicated toward early psychosis as well as ongoing studies. We surveyed 21 PD, 23 CR, and 15 PF participants regarding access to technology and use of social media, specifically Facebook and Twitter. Statistical analyses were conducted in R. Categorical variables were compared among groups using Fisher exact test, continuous variables were compared using 1-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regressions were used to evaluate for covariates.
RESULTS
Access to technology and social media were similar among PD, CR, and PF participants. Individuals with PD, but not CR, were less likely to post at a weekly or higher frequency compared to PF individuals. We found that decreased active social media posting was unique to psychotic disorders and did not occur with other psychiatric diagnoses or demographic variables. Additionally, variation in age, sex, and White versus non-White race did not affect posting frequency.
CONCLUSIONS
For young people with psychosis spectrum disorders, there appears to be no "technology gap" limiting the implementation of digital and mobile health interventions. Active posting to social media was reduced for individuals with psychosis, which may be related to negative symptoms or impairment in social functioning.
背景
数字技术、互联网和社交媒体作为监测症状及提供心理健康治疗的潜在手段，正受到越来越多的研究。这些应用程序和干预措施已显示出初步的可接受性和可行性，但先前的报告表明，相对于普通人群，患有精神障碍的个体对技术的获取可能仍然有限。
目的
我们评估并比较了患有精神障碍（PD）的年轻人、有精神病临床风险（CR）的年轻人和无精神病的青少年（PF）对技术和社交媒体的获取及使用情况。
方法
通过一家专门针对早期精神病的协调专科护理诊所以及正在进行的研究招募参与者。我们对21名PD参与者、23名CR参与者和15名PF参与者进行了调查，了解他们对技术的获取情况以及社交媒体（特别是脸书和推特）的使用情况。在R软件中进行统计分析。使用Fisher精确检验比较组间的分类变量，使用单因素方差分析比较连续变量，并使用多元线性回归评估协变量。
结果
PD、CR和PF参与者在技术和社交媒体的获取方面相似。与PF个体相比，PD个体而非CR个体每周或更频繁发布内容的可能性较小。我们发现，社交媒体活跃发帖减少是精神障碍所特有的，在其他精神科诊断或人口统计学变量中并未出现。此外，年龄、性别以及白人种族与非白人种族的差异并不影响发帖频率。
结论
对于患有精神病谱系障碍的年轻人，似乎不存在限制数字和移动健康干预实施的“技术差距”。患有精神病的个体在社交媒体上的活跃发帖减少，这可能与阴性症状或社交功能受损有关。
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