Luo Qingyuan, Li Jiaxuan, Li Hui, Zhou Di, Wang Xu, Tian Yayuan, Qin Jixiao, Tian Xingzhou, Lu Qi
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Testing Center for Livestock and Poultry Germplasm, Guizhou Agricultural and Rural Affairs Office, Guiyang 550018, China.
Foods. 2022 Jun 24;11(13):1870. doi: 10.3390/foods11131870.
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of purple corn pigment (PCP) on the growth performance, blood biochemical indices, meat quality, muscle amino acids, and fatty acids of growing chickens. A total of 288 (8 weeks of age) growing Chishui black-bone chickens (body weight, 940 ± 80 g; mean ± standard deviation) were randomly divided into 4 groups using a completely randomized design. The four diet groups were as follows: (1) control, basal diet; (2) treatment 1, treatment 2, and treatment 3, which were basal diet with 80, 160, and 240 mg/kg PCP, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the feeding of anthocyanins significantly (p < 0.05) increased the average daily feed intake and average daily gain in chickens. Moreover, chickens receiving 80 mg/kg PCP significantly increased (p < 0.05) plasma total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and albumin concentrations relative to the control group. For meat quality, dietary supplementation with PCP significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the drip loss and water loss rate in breast muscle. Additionally, chickens receiving PCP tended to increase (p < 0.05) the levels of most individual amino acids, essential amino acids, and umami amino acids in the muscle. Specifically, the addition of 80 mg/kg PCP significantly improved (p < 0.05) total polyunsaturated fatty acids in chicken muscle. Accordingly, the consumption of anthocyanin-rich PCP by the growing chickens had the potential to increase the growth performance, enhance antioxidant and immune capacities, increase meat quality, and improve essential and umami amino acids as well as unsaturated fatty acids in the muscle.
本研究调查了不同水平的紫玉米色素(PCP)日粮添加对生长鸡的生长性能、血液生化指标、肉质、肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸的影响。总共288只(8周龄)赤水黑羽鸡(体重940±80克;平均值±标准差)采用完全随机设计随机分为4组。四个日粮组如下:(1)对照组,基础日粮;(2)处理1、处理2和处理3,分别为添加80、160和240毫克/千克PCP的基础日粮。结果表明,与对照组相比,花青素喂养显著(p<0.05)提高了鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增重。此外,相对于对照组,接受80毫克/千克PCP的鸡血浆总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和白蛋白浓度显著增加(p<0.05)。对于肉质,日粮添加PCP显著(p<0.05)降低了胸肌的滴水损失和失水率。此外,接受PCP的鸡肌肉中大多数单个氨基酸、必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸水平有增加趋势(p<0.05)。具体而言,添加80毫克/千克PCP显著改善(p<0.05)了鸡肌肉中的总多不饱和脂肪酸。因此,生长鸡食用富含花青素的PCP有可能提高生长性能、增强抗氧化和免疫能力、提高肉质,并改善肌肉中的必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸以及不饱和脂肪酸。