Konopka-Filippow Monika, Hempel Dominika, Sierko Ewa
Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Radiotherapy I, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Bialystok Oncology Centre, 15-027 Bialystok, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jun 25;14(13):3119. doi: 10.3390/cancers14133119.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most often diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and second most common cause of brain metastases (BMs) among solid malignancies being responsible for 10-16% of all BMs in oncological patients. Moreover, BMs are associated with worse prognosis than systemic metastases. The quality of life (QoL) among brain metastases breast cancer (BMBC) patients is significantly influenced by cognitive functions. Cancer-related cognitive deficits and the underlying neural deficits in BMBC patients can be caused via BMs per se, chemotherapy administration, brain irradiation, postmenopausal status, or comorbidities. Brain RT often leads to cognitive function impairment by damage of neural progenitor cells of the hippocampus and hence decreased QoL. Sparing the hippocampal region of the brain during RT provides protective covering of the centrally located hippocampi according to the patient's clinical requirements. This article discusses the personalized strategies for treatment options to protect cognitive functions in BMBC patients, with special emphasis on the innovative techniques of radiation therapy.
乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性中最常被诊断出的癌症，也是实体恶性肿瘤中第二常见的脑转移（BMs）原因，占肿瘤患者所有脑转移的10-16%。此外，与全身转移相比，脑转移的预后更差。脑转移乳腺癌（BMBC）患者的生活质量（QoL）受认知功能的显著影响。BMBC患者中与癌症相关的认知缺陷和潜在的神经缺陷可由脑转移本身、化疗给药、脑部放疗、绝经后状态或合并症引起。脑部放疗常因损伤海马体的神经祖细胞而导致认知功能损害，从而降低生活质量。根据患者的临床需求，在放疗期间保留脑部的海马区可为位于中心位置的海马体提供保护。本文讨论了保护BMBC患者认知功能的个性化治疗方案策略，特别强调了放射治疗的创新技术。
