Testa Erika, Palazzo Claudia, Mastrantonio Roberta, Viscomi Maria Teresa
Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy.
IRCCS, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jun 27;14(13):3128. doi: 10.3390/cancers14133128.
GBM is the most aggressive brain tumor among adults. It is characterized by extensive vascularization, and its further growth and recurrence depend on the formation of new blood vessels. In GBM, tumor angiogenesis is a multi-step process involving the proliferation, migration and differentiation of BMECs under the stimulation of specific signals derived from the cancer cells through a wide variety of communication routes. In this review, we discuss the dynamic interaction between BMECs and tumor cells by providing evidence of how tumor cells hijack the BMECs for the formation of new vessels. Tumor cell-BMECs interplay involves multiple routes of communication, including soluble factors, such as chemokines and cytokines, direct cell-cell contact and extracellular vesicles that participate in and fuel this cooperation. We also describe how this interaction is able to modify the BMECs structure, metabolism and physiology in a way that favors tumor growth and invasiveness. Finally, we briefly reviewed the recent advances and the potential future implications of some high-throughput 3D models to better understanding the complexity of BMECs-tumor cell interaction.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是成人中最具侵袭性的脑肿瘤。其特征是血管广泛增生，其进一步生长和复发依赖于新血管的形成。在胶质母细胞瘤中，肿瘤血管生成是一个多步骤过程，涉及脑微血管内皮细胞（BMECs）在癌细胞通过多种通讯途径产生的特定信号刺激下的增殖、迁移和分化。在本综述中，我们通过提供肿瘤细胞如何劫持BMECs以形成新血管的证据，来讨论BMECs与肿瘤细胞之间的动态相互作用。肿瘤细胞与BMECs的相互作用涉及多种通讯途径，包括趋化因子和细胞因子等可溶性因子、直接的细胞间接触以及参与并推动这种合作的细胞外囊泡。我们还描述了这种相互作用如何以有利于肿瘤生长和侵袭的方式改变BMECs的结构、代谢和生理功能。最后，我们简要回顾了一些高通量3D模型的最新进展及其对更好理解BMECs与肿瘤细胞相互作用复杂性的潜在未来意义。
