Unit of Hygiene, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Public Health and Medical Statistics, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 21;19(13):7603. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137603.
The dramatic lifestyle changes forced by COVID-19-related lockdown promoted weight gain, with a stronger impact on obese subjects, at higher risk of severe infection. The PubMed database was searched to identify original studies assessing: (1) the extent and risk factors of lockdown-induced weight increase; and (2) the impact of obesity on the risk of hospital admission in children and adolescents. A systematic literature review and meta-analyses were performed. Twenty out of 13,986 identified records were included. A significant weight increase was reported in the majority of subjects, with no apparent gender or age differences. It was induced by a higher consumption of hypercaloric/hyperglycemic/junk food and/or the reduction of physical activity, often associated with an altered sleep-wake cycle. On the other hand, obesity increased the risk of hospitalization (OR = 4.38; 95% C.I. 1.46-13.19; = 0.009; = 96%) as compared to the normal weight population. COVID-19 and obesity represent epidemic conditions with reciprocal detrimental impact. Urgent public health interventions, targeting the various age and social strata, and involving governmental authorities, health care personnel, teachers and families are warranted to increase awareness and actively promote healthy lifestyles to contrast pediatric obesity and its detrimental consequences at a global level.
由于 COVID-19 相关封锁而导致的生活方式的急剧变化促使体重增加，肥胖者受到的影响更大，感染严重疾病的风险更高。我们在 PubMed 数据库中搜索了评估以下内容的原始研究：(1) 封锁引起的体重增加的程度和危险因素；(2) 肥胖对儿童和青少年住院风险的影响。进行了系统的文献回顾和荟萃分析。从 13986 篇记录中确定了 20 篇记录。大多数研究报告体重显著增加，且无明显的性别或年龄差异。体重增加是由高热量/高血糖/垃圾食品摄入增加和/或体力活动减少引起的，通常与睡眠-觉醒周期改变有关。另一方面，肥胖使住院风险增加（OR = 4.38；95%CI 1.46-13.19； = 0.009； = 96%），与正常体重人群相比。COVID-19 和肥胖都是具有相互不利影响的流行情况。有必要针对不同年龄和社会阶层的人群采取紧急公共卫生干预措施，包括政府当局、医疗保健人员、教师和家庭，以提高认识，并积极促进健康的生活方式，以在全球范围内对抗儿童肥胖及其不利后果。
