Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, 20457 Hamburg, Germany.
Dialog N-Research and Communication for People, Environment and Nature, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 21;19(13):7606. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137606.
The present study aims to investigate whether a sense of relatedness to a city helps to broaden understanding of the restorative potential of urban public spaces. Findings based on a sample of German adults ( = 249) confirm that people experience relatedness to a city. The study's 3 × 3 (built, mixed, natural environment) × (average, livability environment, bird's-eye view) design revealed disordinal interactions for being away, fascination, preference, mental fatigue, and stimulating and activating effects associated with cities. This implies that humans' place perceptions are more complex than previously assumed. Both city and nature relatedness were relevant covariates of these findings. Surprisingly, the construct 'activating effects', was found to be mostly perceived as more positive for mixed and built environments compared to natural environments. Thus, complementing restorative environments research by introducing a measure for city relatedness significantly enhances understanding of the potential of urban public spaces for promoting human health and well-being.
本研究旨在探讨对城市的归属感是否有助于拓宽对城市公共空间的恢复潜力的理解。基于德国成年人样本（n=249）的研究结果证实，人们对城市有归属感。该研究的 3×3（建成环境、混合环境、自然环境）×（平均环境、宜居环境、鸟瞰环境）设计揭示了与城市相关的离开、着迷、偏好、精神疲劳以及刺激和激活作用的非序交互作用。这意味着人类的场所感知比之前假设的更为复杂。城市和自然的归属感都是这些发现的相关协变量。令人惊讶的是，与自然环境相比，“激活作用”这一概念在混合和建成环境中更多地被认为是积极的。因此，通过引入城市归属感的衡量标准来补充恢复性环境研究，显著提高了对城市公共空间促进人类健康和福祉潜力的理解。
