Kudara Hikonaru, Kanematsu Hideyuki, Barry Dana M, Ogawa Akiko, Kogo Takeshi, Miura Hidekazu, Kawai Risa, Hirai Nobumitsu, Kato Takehito, Yoshitake Michiko
National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Suzuka College, Suzuka 510-0294, Japan.
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jul 4;15(13):4691. doi: 10.3390/ma15134691.
Biofilms are a result of bacterial activities and are found everywhere. They often form on metal surfaces and on the surfaces of polymeric compounds. Biofilms are sticky and mostly consist of water. They have a strong resistance to antimicrobial agents and can cause serious problems for modern medicine and industry. Biofilms are composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides produced from bacterial cells and are dominated by water at the initial stage. In a series of experiments, using Escherichia coli, we developed three types of laboratory biofilm reactors (LBR) to simulate biofilm formation. For the first trial, we used a rotary type of biofilm reactor for stirring. For the next trial, we tried another rotary type of reactor where the circular plate holding specimens was rotated. Finally, a circular laboratory biofilm reactor was used. Biofilms were evaluated by using a crystal violet staining method and by using Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, they were compared to each other from the practical (industrial) viewpoints. The third type was the best to form biofilms in a short period. However, the first and second were better from the viewpoint of "ease of use". All of these have their own advantages and disadvantages, respectively. Therefore, they should be properly selected and used for specific and appropriate purposes in the future.
生物膜是细菌活动的产物，随处可见。它们常常在金属表面和聚合物化合物表面形成。生物膜具有黏性，主要由水组成。它们对抗菌剂有很强的抗性，会给现代医学和工业带来严重问题。生物膜由细胞外聚合物（EPS）组成，比如细菌细胞产生的多糖，在初始阶段以水为主。在一系列实验中，我们以大肠杆菌为对象，开发了三种类型的实验室生物膜反应器（LBR）来模拟生物膜的形成。第一次试验，我们使用旋转式生物膜反应器进行搅拌。第二次试验，我们尝试了另一种旋转式反应器，其中放置样本的圆形平板会旋转。最后，使用了圆形实验室生物膜反应器。通过结晶紫染色法和拉曼光谱法对生物膜进行评估。此外，从实际（工业）角度对它们进行了相互比较。第三种类型在短时间内形成生物膜的效果最佳。然而，从“易用性”角度来看，第一种和第二种更好。所有这些都分别有其优缺点。因此，未来应根据特定且合适的目的对它们进行正确选择和使用。
