Souto-Miranda Sara, van 't Hul Alex J, Vaes Anouk W, Antons Jeanine C, Djamin Remco S, Janssen Daisy J A, Franssen Frits M E, Marques Alda, Spruit Martijn A
Department of Research and Development, Ciro, 6085 NM Horn, The Netherlands.
Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory (Lab3R) and Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 26;11(13):3680. doi: 10.3390/jcm11133680.
Background: Evidence suggests sex-related differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Whether these differences are reflected in the prevalence of treatable traits remains unknown. Methods: Two samples of patients referred to secondary (n = 530) or tertiary care (n = 2012) were analyzed. Men and women were matched for age, forced expiratory volume in 1 s and body mass index. Sex-related differences were tested using t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, or chi-square tests. Results: Frequent exacerbations (30.5 vs. 19.7%), high cardiovascular risk (88.1 vs. 66.2%) and activity-related severe dyspnea (50.9 vs. 34.8%) were more prevalent in women in secondary care (p < 0.05). Severe hyperinflation (43.0 vs. 25.4%), limited diffusing capacity (79.6 vs. 70.1%), impaired mobility (44.0 vs. 28.7%), frequent exacerbations (66.8 vs. 57.4%), frequent hospitalizations (47.5 vs. 41.6%), severe activity-related dyspnea (89.1 vs. 85.0%), symptoms of anxiety (56.3 vs. 42.0%) and depression (50.3 vs. 44.8%), and poor health status (79.9 vs. 71.0%) were more prevalent in women in tertiary care (p < 0.05). Severe inspiratory muscle weakness (14.6 vs. 8.2%) and impaired exercise capacity (69.1 vs. 59.6%) were more prevalent among men (p < 0.05) in tertiary care. Conclusions: Sex-related differences were found, with most traits more prevalent and severe among women. Care providers should be aware of these differences to adjust treatment.
有证据表明慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）存在性别差异。这些差异是否反映在可治疗特征的患病率上尚不清楚。方法：对转诊至二级（n = 530）或三级医疗机构（n = 2012）的两组患者样本进行分析。根据年龄、1秒用力呼气容积和体重指数对男性和女性进行匹配。使用t检验、曼-惠特尼U检验或卡方检验来检测性别差异。结果：在二级医疗机构中，频繁急性加重（30.5%对19.7%）、高心血管风险（88.1%对66.2%）和与活动相关的严重呼吸困难（50.9%对34.8%）在女性中更为普遍（p < 0.05）。在三级医疗机构中，严重肺过度充气（43.0%对25.4%）、弥散功能受限（79.6%对70.1%）、活动能力受损（44.0%对28.7%）、频繁急性加重（66.8%对57.4%）、频繁住院（47.5%对41.6%）、严重的与活动相关的呼吸困难（89.1%对85.0%）、焦虑症状（56.3%对42.0%）和抑郁症状（50.3%对44.8%）以及健康状况差（79.9%对71.0%）在女性中更为普遍（p < 0.05）。在三级医疗机构中，严重吸气肌无力（14.6%对8.2%）和运动能力受损（69.1%对59.6%）在男性中更为普遍（p < 0.05）。结论：发现了性别差异，大多数特征在女性中更为普遍和严重。医护人员应了解这些差异以调整治疗方案。
