Jaiswal Vikash, Ang Song Peng, Lnu Kriti, Ishak Angela, Pokhrel Nishan Babu, Chia Jia Ee, Hajra Adrija, Biswas Monodeep, Matetic Andrija, Dhatt Ravinder, Mamas Mamas A
Department of Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL 33143, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Health/Community Medical Center, Toms River, NJ 08755, USA.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 30;11(13):3799. doi: 10.3390/jcm11133799.
Various studies have suggested the possible cardiovascular (CV) protective effects of the pneumococcal vaccine (PV). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between recipients of PV with mortality and CV outcomes among patients with and without established cardiovascular disease. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for studies evaluating the effect of PV on mortality and CV outcomes. A total of 15 studies with 347,444 patients were included in the meta-analysis: 111,784 patients received PV (32%) and 235,660 patients were in the unvaccinated group (68%). Recipients of PV were associated with decreased all-cause mortality (HR, 0.76 (95% CI: 0.66 to 0.87), p < 0.001). PV was associated with a decrease in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) (HR, 0.73 (95% CI: 0.56−0.96), p = 0.02), without significant reduction in CV mortality (HR, 0.87 (95% CI: 0.72−1.07), p = 0.18) and stroke (HR, 1.01 (95% CI: 0.93−1.10), p = 0.82). Our study found PV was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality and MI. Future RCTs will be necessary to confirm benefits associated with receipt of PV.
多项研究表明肺炎球菌疫苗（PV）可能具有心血管（CV）保护作用。因此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估接种PV的人与已确诊心血管疾病和未确诊心血管疾病患者的死亡率及CV结局之间的关联。我们在PubMed、Embase和Scopus中进行了系统的文献检索，以查找评估PV对死亡率和CV结局影响的研究。共有15项研究、347,444例患者纳入了荟萃分析：111,784例患者接种了PV（32%），235,660例患者未接种疫苗（68%）。接种PV的患者全因死亡率降低（HR，0.76（95%CI：0.66至0.87），p<0.001）。PV与心肌梗死（MI）发病率降低相关（HR，0.73（95%CI：0.56 - 0.96），p = 0.02），但CV死亡率（HR，0.87（95%CI：0.72 - 1.07），p = 0.18）和中风（HR，1.01（95%CI：0.93 - 1.10），p = 0.82）无显著降低。我们的研究发现PV与全因死亡率和MI风险降低相关。未来有必要进行随机对照试验（RCT）来证实接种PV的益处。
