College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Bashir Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Molecules. 2022 Jun 24;27(13):4058. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134058.
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial chronic metabolic disorder, characterized by altered metabolism of macro-nutrients, such as fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic encephalopathy, diabetic periodontitis, and diabetic nephropathy are the prominent complications of diabetes. Inflammatory mediators are primarily responsible for these complications. Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from turmeric, is well known for its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. The regulation of several signaling pathways effectively targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes. Curcumin's anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities against a wide range of molecular targets have been shown to have therapeutic potential for a variety of chronic inflammatory disorders, including diabetes. Curcumin's biological examination has shown that it is a powerful anti-oxidant that stops cells from growing by releasing active free thiol groups at the target location. Curcumin is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent that targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes, and its resistant form leads to better therapeutic outcomes in diabetes complications. Moreover, Curcumin is an anti-oxidant and NF-B inhibitor that may be useful in treating diabetes. Curcumin has been shown to inhibit diabetes-related enzymes, such as a-glucosidase, aldose reductase and aldose reductase inhibitors. Through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and its suppression of vascular endothelial development and nuclear transcription factors, curcumin has the ability to prevent, or reduce, the course of diabetic retinopathy. Curcumin improves insulin sensitivity by suppressing phosphorylation of ERK/JNK in HG-induced insulin-resistant cells and strengthening the PI3K-AKT-GSK3B signaling pathway. In the present article, we aimed to discuss the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of curcumin in diabetes regulated by various molecular signaling pathways.
糖尿病是一种多因素的慢性代谢紊乱，其特征是脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物等宏量营养素的代谢发生改变。糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病心肌病、糖尿病脑病、糖尿病牙周炎和糖尿病肾病是糖尿病的突出并发症。炎症介质是这些并发症的主要原因。姜黄素是一种从姜黄中提取的多酚，具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗细胞凋亡作用。调节几种信号通路可以有效地针对糖尿病中的炎症介质。姜黄素对多种慢性炎症性疾病（包括糖尿病）的广泛分子靶标具有抗炎和抗氧化活性，具有治疗潜力。姜黄素的生物学研究表明，它是一种强大的抗氧化剂，可以通过在靶位释放活性游离巯基来阻止细胞生长。姜黄素是一种针对糖尿病中炎症介质的强大抗炎剂，其抗性形式可导致糖尿病并发症的治疗效果更好。此外，姜黄素是一种抗氧化剂和 NF-B 抑制剂，可能对治疗糖尿病有用。姜黄素已被证明可以抑制与糖尿病相关的酶，如 a-葡萄糖苷酶、醛糖还原酶和醛糖还原酶抑制剂。通过其抗氧化和抗炎作用，以及对血管内皮发育和核转录因子的抑制作用，姜黄素具有预防或减轻糖尿病性视网膜病变的能力。姜黄素通过抑制高糖诱导的胰岛素抵抗细胞中 ERK/JNK 的磷酸化，增强 PI3K-AKT-GSK3B 信号通路，提高胰岛素敏感性。在本文中，我们旨在讨论姜黄素通过各种分子信号通路在糖尿病中的抗炎机制。
