Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
Molecules. 2022 Jul 5;27(13):4321. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134321.
is an annual plant of the family Euphorbiaceae, traditionally used as a laxative, a cathartic and an emetic. A methanolic extract of (MEC) whole plant and an -butanol fraction of (NBFC) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect the phytochemicals. MEC and NBFC were tested for in vitro anti acetylcholinesterase (AChE) potential. The effect of both samples on intestinal propulsive movement and spasmolytic activity in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was also studied. About twelve compounds in MEC and three compounds in NBFC were tentatively identified through GC-MS. Some of them are compounds with known therapeutic activity, such as toluene; imipramine; undecane; 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid methyl ester; and hexadecanoic acid. Both NBFC and MEC samples were checked for acute toxicity and were found to be highly toxic in a dose-dependent manner, causing diarrhea and emesis at 1 g/kg concentration in pigeons, with the highest lethargy and mortality above 3 g/kg. Both the samples of revealed significant ( ≤ 0.01) laxative activity against metronidazole (7 mg/kg) and loperamide hydrochloride (4 mg/kg)-induced constipation. NBFC (81.18 ± 2.5%) and MEC (68.28 ± 2.4%) significantly increased charcoal meal intestinal transit compared to distal water (41.15 ± 4.3%). NBFC exhibited a significant relaxant effect (EC = 3.40 ± 0.20 mg/mL) in spontaneous rabbit jejunum as compared to MEC (EC = 4.34 ± 0.68 mg/kg). Similarly, the impact of NBFC on KCl-induced contraction was more significant than that of MEC (EC values of 7.22 ± 0.06 mg/mL and 7.47 ± 0.57 mg/mL, respectively). The present study scientifically validates the folk use of in the management of gastrointestinal diseases such as constipation. Further work is needed to isolate the phytochemicals that act as diarrheal agents in .
是大戟科的一年生草本植物，传统上用作泻药、通便剂和催吐剂。采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对 （MEC）全植物和 （NBFC）正丁醇部分进行分析，以检测植物化学成分。测试了 MEC 和 NBFC 的体外抗乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）潜力。还研究了这两种样品对肠道推进运动和胃肠道（GIT）痉挛的影响。通过 GC-MS 初步鉴定了 MEC 中的约 12 种化合物和 NBFC 中的 3 种化合物。其中一些是具有已知治疗作用的化合物，如甲苯；丙米嗪；十一烷；14-甲基十五烷酸甲酯；和十六烷酸。NBFC 和 MEC 样品均进行了急性毒性检查，发现它们具有剂量依赖性的高度毒性，在鸽子中以 1 g/kg 浓度导致腹泻和呕吐，最高的昏睡和死亡率超过 3 g/kg。两种 的样品均对甲硝唑（7 mg/kg）和盐酸洛哌丁胺（4 mg/kg）诱导的便秘显示出显著的（≤0.01）通便活性。NBFC（81.18±2.5%）和 MEC（68.28±2.4%）与远端水（41.15±4.3%）相比，显著增加了炭末肠转运。与 MEC（EC=4.34±0.68 mg/kg）相比，NBFC 对自发兔空肠显示出显著的松弛作用（EC=3.40±0.20 mg/mL）。同样，NBFC 对 KCl 诱导收缩的影响大于 MEC（EC 值分别为 7.22±0.06 mg/mL 和 7.47±0.57 mg/mL）。本研究从科学上验证了民间使用 来治疗便秘等胃肠道疾病。需要进一步工作来分离作为 的腹泻剂的植物化学物质。
