Wahab Abdul, Abdi Gholamreza, Saleem Muhammad Hamzah, Ali Baber, Ullah Saqib, Shah Wadood, Mumtaz Sahar, Yasin Ghulam, Muresan Crina Carmen, Marc Romina Alina
Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 21;11(13):1620. doi: 10.3390/plants11131620.
Water, a necessary component of cell protoplasm, plays an essential role in supporting life on Earth; nevertheless, extreme changes in climatic conditions limit water availability, causing numerous issues, such as the current water-scarce regimes in many regions of the biome. This review aims to collect data from various published studies in the literature to understand and critically analyze plants' morphological, growth, yield, and physio-biochemical responses to drought stress and their potential to modulate and nullify the damaging effects of drought stress via activating natural physiological and biochemical mechanisms. In addition, the review described current breakthroughs in understanding how plant hormones influence drought stress responses and phytohormonal interaction through signaling under water stress regimes. The information for this review was systematically gathered from different global search engines and the scientific literature databases Science Direct, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, related studies, published books, and articles. Drought stress is a significant obstacle to meeting food demand for the world's constantly growing population. Plants cope with stress regimes through changes to cellular osmotic potential, water potential, and activation of natural defense systems in the form of antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of osmolytes including proteins, proline, glycine betaine, phenolic compounds, and soluble sugars. Phytohormones modulate developmental processes and signaling networks, which aid in acclimating plants to biotic and abiotic challenges and, consequently, their survival. Significant progress has been made for jasmonates, salicylic acid, and ethylene in identifying important components and understanding their roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. Other plant hormones, such as abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellic acid, brassinosteroids, and peptide hormones, have been linked to plant defense signaling pathways in various ways.
水是细胞质的必要组成部分，在维持地球生命方面发挥着至关重要的作用；然而，气候条件的极端变化限制了水的可利用性，引发了诸多问题，比如当前生物群落许多地区出现的缺水状况。本综述旨在收集文献中各类已发表研究的数据，以了解并批判性地分析植物对干旱胁迫的形态、生长、产量及生理生化响应，以及它们通过激活自然生理生化机制来调节和消除干旱胁迫破坏作用的潜力。此外，该综述还描述了目前在理解植物激素如何通过水分胁迫条件下的信号传导影响干旱胁迫响应及植物激素相互作用方面取得的突破。本综述的信息是通过不同的全球搜索引擎以及科学文献数据库Science Direct系统收集的，包括谷歌学术、科学网、相关研究、已出版书籍和文章。干旱胁迫是满足全球不断增长人口粮食需求的重大障碍。植物通过改变细胞渗透势、水势以及激活以抗氧化酶形式存在的自然防御系统和积累包括蛋白质、脯氨酸、甘氨酸甜菜碱、酚类化合物和可溶性糖在内的渗透调节物质来应对胁迫状况。植物激素调节发育过程和信号网络，这有助于植物适应生物和非生物挑战，从而实现存活。在茉莉酸、水杨酸和乙烯方面，在确定重要成分并理解它们在植物对非生物胁迫响应中的作用方面已经取得了重大进展。其他植物激素，如脱落酸、生长素、赤霉素、油菜素内酯和肽激素，已通过各种方式与植物防御信号通路相关联。
