Kizildeniz Tefide, Pascual Inmaculada, Hilbert Ghislaine, Irigoyen Juan José, Morales Fermín
Universidad de Navarra, Plant Stress Physiology Group (Environmental Biology Department), Associated Unit to CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza, Faculties of Sciences and Pharmacy, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 23;11(13):1662. doi: 10.3390/plants11131662.
Tempranillo Blanco is a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto that appeared as a natural, spontaneous mutation in 1988 in a single shoot of a single plant in an old vineyard. It was vegetatively propagated, and currently wines from Tempranillo Blanco are commercially available. The mutation that originated Tempranillo Blanco comprised single-nucleotide variations, chromosomal deletions, and reorganizations, losing hundreds of genes and putatively affecting the functioning and regulation of many others. The most evident, visual change in Tempranillo Blanco is the anthocyanin lost, producing this grapevine variety bunches of colorless grapes. This review aims to summarize from the available literature differences found between Tempranillo Blanco and Tinto in addition to the color of the grapes, in a climate change context and using fruit-bearing cuttings grown in temperature-gradient greenhouses as research-oriented greenhouses. The differences found include changes in growth, water use, bunch mass, grape quality (both technological and phenolic maturity), and some aspects of their photosynthetic response when grown in an atmosphere of elevated CO concentration and temperature, and low water availability. Under field conditions, Tempranillo Blanco yields less than Tempranillo Tinto, the lower weight of their bunches being related to a lower pollen viability and berry and seed setting.
白丹魄是丹魄红葡萄的一个体细胞变种，1988年在一个老葡萄园里的一株葡萄的单个嫩梢上自然自发突变产生。它通过无性繁殖，目前市场上有白丹魄酿造的葡萄酒出售。产生白丹魄的突变包括单核苷酸变异、染色体缺失和重组，导致数百个基因丢失，并可能影响许多其他基因的功能和调控。白丹魄最明显的外观变化是花青素的缺失，使得这个葡萄品种结出无色的葡萄串。本综述旨在从现有文献中总结出在气候变化背景下，以及在以研究为导向的温度梯度温室中种植的结果枝条件下，除了葡萄颜色外，白丹魄和丹魄红葡萄之间的差异。发现的差异包括生长、水分利用、果串质量、葡萄品质（技术成熟度和酚类成熟度）的变化，以及在高浓度二氧化碳、高温和低水分可利用性的大气环境中生长时它们光合反应的一些方面。在田间条件下，白丹魄的产量低于丹魄红葡萄，其果串重量较低与较低的花粉活力以及浆果和种子结实率有关。
