Universidad de Navarra, Plant Stress Physiology Group (Department of Environmental Biology), Associated Unit to CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza and ICVV, Logroño, Faculties of Sciences and Pharmacy, Pamplona, Spain.
Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain.
Physiol Plant. 2021 Jul;172(3):1779-1794. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13388. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Due to the CO greenhouse effect, elevated atmospheric concentration leads to higher temperatures, accompanied by episodes of less water availability in semiarid and arid areas or drought periods. Studies investigating these three factors (CO , temperature and water availability) simultaneously in grapevine are scarce. The present work aims to analyze the combined effects of high CO (700 ppm), high temperature (ambient +4°C) and drought on the photosynthetic activity, biomass allocation, leaf non-structural carbon composition, and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in grapevine. Two grapevine cultivars, red berry Tempranillo and white berry Tempranillo, were used, the latter being a natural, spontaneous mutant of the red cultivar. The experiment was performed on fruit-bearing cuttings during a 3-month period, from June (fruit set) to August (maturity). The plants were grown in research-oriented facilities, temperature-gradient greenhouses, where temperature, CO , and water supply can be modified in a combined way. Drought had the strongest effect on biomass accumulation compared to the other environmental variables, and root biomass allocation was increased under water deficit. CO and temperature effects were smaller and depended on cultivar, and on interactions with the other factors. Acclimation effects were observed on both cultivars as photosynthetic rates under high atmospheric CO were reduced by long-term exposition to elevated CO . Exposure to such high CO resulted in increased starch concentration and reduced C/N ratio in leaves. A correlation between the intensity of the reduction in photosynthetic rates and the accumulation of starch in the leaves was found after prolonged exposure to elevated CO .
由于 CO 温室效应，大气浓度升高导致温度升高，同时伴有半干旱和干旱地区水分可用性降低或干旱期。研究葡萄中这三个因素（CO 、温度和水分可用性）同时作用的研究很少。本工作旨在分析高 CO（700 ppm）、高温（环境+4°C）和干旱对光合作用、生物量分配、叶片非结构性碳组成以及葡萄中碳/氮（C/N）比的综合影响。使用了两个葡萄品种，红浆果 Tempranillo 和白浆果 Tempranillo，后者是红品种的天然、自发突变体。该实验在 3 个月的时间内（从 6 月（果实开始）到 8 月（成熟））对结果枝进行。植物在研究型设施中生长，温度梯度温室，在那里可以以组合方式修改温度、CO 和供水。与其他环境变量相比，干旱对生物量积累的影响最强，在水分亏缺下根生物量分配增加。CO 和温度的影响较小，取决于品种以及与其他因素的相互作用。两个品种都观察到了适应效应，因为长期暴露在高 CO 下，大气 CO 升高导致光合速率降低。暴露在如此高的 CO 下会导致叶片中淀粉浓度增加和 C/N 比降低。在长时间暴露于高 CO 后，发现光合速率降低的强度与叶片中淀粉积累之间存在相关性。
