Bakr Asmaa, Alzain Mashail Nasser, Alzamel Nurah M, Loutfy Naglaa
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 29;11(13):1733. doi: 10.3390/plants11131733.
The use of contaminated water to irrigate crop plants poses a risk to human health from the bioaccumulation potential of microcystins (MCs) in the edible tissues of vegetable plants. The main objective of this study is to determine the concentration of total microcystins (MC-LR and MC-RR) in leafy green plants ( L. and ) that have previously been irrigated with polluted water. Integrated water samples were collected by cleaned plastic bottles at a depth of about 30 cm from one of the sources of water used to irrigate agricultural lands for crop plants. At the same time, samples from plants were also collected because this water from the lake farm is used for the irrigation of surrounding vegetable plants such as L. and . The dominant species of cyanobacteria in water samples are () and , which were detected with an average cell count 2,300,000 and 450,000 cells/mL, respectively. These two dominant species in water produced two MCs variants (MC-LR, -RR) that were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Dissolve and particulate MCs were detected in the irrigation waters by HPLC with concentrations of 45.04-600 μg/L. MCs in the water samples exceeded the WHO safety limit (1 μg/L) of MC in drinking water. In addition, the total concentration of Microcystin in L. and were 1044 and 1089 ng/g tissues, respectively. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of microcystins by a person (60 kg) consuming 300 g of fresh plants exceeded the total daily intake guidelines (0.04 μg kg body weight) for human food consumption. According to the findings of this study, irrigation water and plants used for human consumption should be tested for the presence of MCs regularly through critical and regularly monitored programs to prevent the accumulation and transfer of such toxins through the food web.
使用受污染的水灌溉农作物，会因微囊藻毒素（MCs）在蔬菜可食用组织中的生物累积潜力而对人类健康构成风险。本研究的主要目的是测定此前用污水灌溉的绿叶蔬菜（生菜和菠菜）中总微囊藻毒素（MC-LR和MC-RR）的浓度。用清洁的塑料瓶从用于灌溉农作物的水源之一约30厘米深处采集综合水样。同时，也采集植物样本，因为该湖水用于灌溉周边的蔬菜作物，如生菜和菠菜。水样中蓝藻的优势种是铜绿微囊藻和水华鱼腥藻，平均细胞计数分别为2300000个/毫升和450000个/毫升。水中这两种优势蓝藻产生了两种MCs变体（MC-LR、-RR），通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行定量。通过HPLC在灌溉水中检测到溶解态和颗粒态MCs，浓度为45.04 - 600微克/升。水样中的MCs超过了世界卫生组织饮用水中MC的安全限值（1微克/升）。此外，生菜和菠菜中微囊藻毒素的总浓度分别为1044纳克/克组织和1089纳克/克组织。一个体重60千克的人食用300克新鲜蔬菜，微囊藻毒素的估计每日摄入量（EDI）超过了人类食物消费的每日总摄入量指导值（0.04微克/千克体重）。根据本研究结果，应通过关键且定期监测的项目，定期检测用于人类消费的灌溉水和植物中是否存在MCs，以防止此类毒素通过食物网积累和转移。
