Calderone Francesca, Vitale Alessandro, Panebianco Salvina, Lombardo Monia Federica, Cirvilleri Gabriella
Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 1;11(13):1763. doi: 10.3390/plants11131763.
In most wine-growing countries of the world the interest for organic viticulture and eco-friendly grape production processes increased significantly in the last decade. Organic viticulture is currently dependent on the availability of Cu and S compounds, but their massive use over time has led to negative effects on environment health. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative and sustainable treatments against powdery mildew, gray mold and sour rot under the field conditions on Nero d'Avola and Inzolia Sicilian cultivars. In detail, the efficacy of COS-OGA, composed by a complex of oligochitosans and oligopectates, and its effects in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were evaluated to reduce airborne disease infections of grape. COS-OGA combined with AMF induced a significant reduction in powdery mildew severity both on Nero d'Avola and Inzolia with a mean percentage decrease of about 15% and 33%, respectively. Moreover, COS-OGA alone and combined with AMF gave a good protection against gray mold and sour rot with results similar to the Cu-S complex (performance in disease reduction ranging from 65 to 100%) on tested cultivars. Similarly, the COS-OGA and AMF integration provided good performances in enhancing average yield and did not negatively impact quality and microbial communities of wine grape. Overall, COS-OGA alone and in combination could be proposed as a valid and safer option for the sustainable management of the main grapevine pathogens in organic agroecosystems.
在世界上大多数葡萄酒种植国家，过去十年里对有机葡萄栽培和生态友好型葡萄生产工艺的兴趣显著增加。目前，有机葡萄栽培依赖于铜和硫化合物的供应，但随着时间的推移大量使用这些化合物已对环境健康产生负面影响。因此，本研究的目的是评估在田间条件下，针对西西里岛的黑达沃拉和尹卓莉亚葡萄品种，采用替代和可持续处理方法防治白粉病、灰霉病和酸腐病的效果。具体而言，评估了由低聚壳聚糖和低聚果胶复合物组成的COS - OGA及其与丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）联合使用对减少葡萄气传病害感染的效果。COS - OGA与AMF联合使用使黑达沃拉和尹卓莉亚葡萄品种的白粉病严重程度显著降低，平均降低百分比分别约为15%和33%。此外，单独使用COS - OGA以及与AMF联合使用对白粉病和酸腐病都有良好的防治效果，在受试品种上的防治效果与铜 - 硫复合物相似（病害减少率在65%至100%之间）。同样，COS - OGA与AMF结合在提高平均产量方面表现良好，且对酿酒葡萄的品质和微生物群落没有负面影响。总体而言，单独使用和联合使用COS - OGA都可被视为有机农业生态系统中可持续管理主要葡萄病原体的有效且更安全的选择。
