The University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Elementary School Žnjan-Pazdigrad, Pazdigradska 1, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 23;14(13):2598. doi: 10.3390/nu14132598.
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is known to be one of the healthiest dietary patterns. Despite the significance of a healthful diet during the early stage of life, data for young individuals indicate that nutrition problems are common. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine parental factors associated with MD adherence in children and adolescents living in the Mediterranean region in Croatia. In total, 2623 children aged 2 to 18 years and their parents participated in this study. Data were collected during the period from September 2021 to February 2022 by using an anonymous questionnaire. We used KIDMED and MEDAS questionnaires for assessing MD adherence in young individuals and their parents, respectively. To assess the association of children’s MD adherence categories with the parental predictors, we performed multivariate multinomial logistic regression. Results showed that the children of parents with a low MD adherence are much more likely to have poor MD adherence than good (OR = 47.54 (95% C.I 18.24, 123.87), p < 0.001) or average (OR = 5.64 (95% C.I 3.70, 8.6), p < 0.001) MD adherence. Further, children of fathers with higher BMI (OR = 1.035 (95% C.I 1.0, 1.071)) and those who do not live with both parents (OR = 1.703 (95% C.I 0.994, 2.916), p = 0.053) are more likely to have poor MD adherence than good MD adherence. These results indicate that interventions focusing on enhancing the quality of both parents’ diets could effectively improve their children’s eating habits.
地中海饮食（MD）被认为是最健康的饮食模式之一。尽管在生命早期阶段健康饮食意义重大，但针对年轻人的数据表明，营养问题很常见。本横断面研究旨在确定与克罗地亚地中海地区儿童和青少年 MD 依从性相关的父母因素。共有 2623 名 2 至 18 岁的儿童及其父母参加了这项研究。数据是在 2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 2 月期间通过匿名问卷收集的。我们分别使用 KIDMED 和 MEDAS 问卷评估年轻人及其父母的 MD 依从性。为了评估儿童 MD 依从性类别与父母预测因素的关联，我们进行了多元多项逻辑回归分析。结果表明，MD 依从性低的父母的孩子更有可能出现不良 MD 依从性，而不是良好（OR = 47.54（95%CI 18.24, 123.87），p < 0.001）或平均（OR = 5.64（95%CI 3.70, 8.6），p < 0.001）MD 依从性。此外，父亲 BMI 较高（OR = 1.035（95%CI 1.0, 1.071））和父母双方都不生活在一起的儿童（OR = 1.703（95%CI 0.994, 2.916），p = 0.053）更有可能出现不良 MD 依从性，而不是良好 MD 依从性。这些结果表明，关注提高父母双方饮食质量的干预措施可以有效改善他们孩子的饮食习惯。
