Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, 89070 Ulm, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 24;14(13):2616. doi: 10.3390/nu14132616.
The impact of poor diet quality and nutritional inadequacies on mental health and mental illness has recently gained considerable attention in science. As the opinions and experiences of people living with serious mental illness on dietary issues are unknown, we aimed to understand the role of nutrition in a biopsychosocial approach. In total, 28 semi-structured interviews were conducted with people living with serious mental illness (SMI) in Australia, Germany and Austria, and a generic thematic analysis approach was applied. Four positive (positive effects on the body and mind, therapeutic effects in treating somatic illnesses, pleasure and opportunity for self-efficacy) and three negative (impairment related to mental illness and its treatment, perceived stigma and negative effects on the body and mind) implications of diet were identified. A key issue for most of the participants was the mental burden arising from their body weight. This might indicate that negative implications, such as guilt and stigma, were of primary importance for people with SMI when talking about their dietary behavior. In conclusion, diet-related support is urgently needed for people with SMI. However, especially participants from Germany and Austria reported that this is not yet widely available in mental health settings, leading to hopelessness and resignation.
不良饮食质量和营养不足对心理健康和精神疾病的影响最近在科学界引起了相当大的关注。由于人们对饮食问题的意见和经验知之甚少，我们旨在了解营养在生物心理社会方法中的作用。总共对澳大利亚、德国和奥地利的 28 名患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的人进行了半结构化访谈，并采用了通用的主题分析方法。确定了四个积极的（对身心的积极影响、治疗躯体疾病的治疗效果、愉悦和自我效能的机会）和三个消极的（与精神疾病及其治疗相关的障碍、感知到的耻辱感以及对身心的负面影响）饮食影响。对大多数参与者来说，一个关键问题是他们的体重带来的心理负担。这可能表明，对于患有 SMI 的人来说，当谈到他们的饮食行为时，负向影响，如内疚和耻辱感，是最重要的。总之，SMI 患者迫切需要与饮食相关的支持。然而，特别是来自德国和奥地利的参与者报告说，在精神卫生环境中，这种支持还没有广泛提供，导致他们感到绝望和听天由命。
