Begoña Martín-Muñoz, MS, Research Group on Care in Málaga (INVESCUIDA), Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain; and Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Ana C. Montesinos-Gálvez, PhD, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2022;49(4):352-357. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000000886.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficacy of a social interaction intervention delivered during the early postoperative time period on the coping process in persons with a new ostomy.
Randomized controlled trial.
The sample comprised 52 persons who underwent surgical management of colorectal including a fecal ostomy; 27 were randomly allocated to the intervention group and 25 to the control group. One participant allocated to the control group died before data collection; thus, findings are based on data from 51 participants. The study setting is the Regional University Hospital of Malaga, located on the southern coast of Spain.
Ostomy visitors (persons living with an ostomy) were taught to listen to the experiences and the concerns of the participant and to serve as an example of an individual who has successfully learned to live with a fecal ostomy. The intervention was a visit with a person with a new ostomy during the early postoperative period. Control group participants were offered standard care that did not include the visit from a person with an ostomy. Outcome measures were taken from the Nursing Outcomes Classification taxonomy. The main outcome measure was coping; secondary outcome measures were health beliefs and acceptance of health status. Bivariate analyses were performed to evaluate differences between groups in terms of the primary and secondary outcomes. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictor variables of the primary outcome, and effect size calculations were used to differentiate statistical significance versus clinical relevance.
There were no differences in demographic or pertinent characteristics of participants in the 2 groups. Participants who received the intervention achieved a higher mean coping process scores: 3.90 vs 3.19, P = .002 and Cohen d = 0.97. In addition, intervention group participants achieved a higher mean efficacy for the secondary outcomes: 3.78 versus 2.97 (P = .0004) and Cohen d = 1.11 for health beliefs, and 3.68 versus 2.83 (P = .0001) and Cohen d = 1.24 for acceptance of health status. Linear regression analysis indicated that the social interaction intervention (β= .799; P = .000) and undergoing urgent versus routine ostomy surgery (β=-.610; P = .005) were related to coping.
Findings indicate that a visit with a trained person living with an ostomy facilitated coping and improved health beliefs and acceptance of health status.
本研究旨在分析在术后早期阶段实施社会互动干预对新造口患者应对过程的疗效。
随机对照试验。
该样本包括 52 名接受结直肠手术（包括粪便造口术）的患者；其中 27 名被随机分配到干预组，25 名分配到对照组。一名分配到对照组的参与者在数据收集前死亡；因此，研究结果基于 51 名参与者的数据。研究地点是位于西班牙南部海岸的马拉加地区大学医院。
造口访问者（造口患者）接受培训，倾听参与者的经历和关注点，并作为成功学习适应粪便造口的个体的榜样。干预措施是在术后早期阶段与新造口患者进行访问。对照组参与者接受的是不包括造口患者访问的标准护理。使用护理结局分类分类法进行结果测量。主要结果指标是应对；次要结果指标是健康信念和对健康状况的接受程度。进行了单变量分析，以评估两组在主要和次要结果方面的差异。进行了多元线性回归分析，以确定主要结果的预测变量，并使用效应大小计算来区分统计学意义与临床相关性。
两组参与者在人口统计学或相关特征方面没有差异。接受干预的参与者的应对过程评分更高：3.90 对 3.19，P =.002，Cohen d = 0.97。此外，干预组参与者在次要结果方面的平均疗效更高：3.78 对 2.97（P =.0004）和 Cohen d = 1.11 用于健康信念，以及 3.68 对 2.83（P =.0001）和 Cohen d = 1.24 用于对健康状况的接受。线性回归分析表明，社会互动干预（β=.799；P =.000）和紧急与常规造口手术（β=-.610；P =.005）与应对有关。
研究结果表明，与接受过培训的造口患者进行访问有助于应对，并改善健康信念和对健康状况的接受程度。
