Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, China.
Biotechnol Lett. 2022 Aug;44(8):903-916. doi: 10.1007/s10529-022-03274-7. Epub 2022 Jul 9.
Patients with neurological diseases often have cognitive impairment, which creates a substantial emotional and economic burden for patients and their families. This issue urgently needs to be addressed. The pathological mechanism of this cognitive impairment is a complicated process that involves a variety of cells and molecules, central nervous system inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, free radical damage and nerve protection factor-related metabolic disorders. Traditional treatments include neuroprotective agents and analgesic therapy. However, analgesic therapy cannot improve cognitive function, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) largely blocks neuroprotective agents from entering the central nervous system; therefore, it is very important to find a more effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties and have been proven to play an important role in the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases. Most importantly, MSCs are likely to cross the BBB. Therefore, MSC therapy is regarded as an important means of ameliorating neurological impairment. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent researches on the treatment of cognitive dysfunction caused by neurological diseases with MSCs.
患有神经疾病的患者通常会有认知障碍，这给患者及其家庭带来了巨大的情感和经济负担。这个问题亟待解决。这种认知障碍的病理机制是一个复杂的过程，涉及多种细胞和分子、中枢神经系统炎症反应、氧化应激、自由基损伤以及神经保护因子相关代谢紊乱。传统治疗包括神经保护剂和镇痛治疗。然而，镇痛治疗并不能改善认知功能，且血脑屏障（BBB）在很大程度上阻止了神经保护剂进入中枢神经系统；因此，寻找更有效的治疗方法非常重要。间充质干细胞（MSCs）具有抗炎、抗凋亡和免疫调节特性，并已被证明在治疗许多神经退行性疾病中发挥着重要作用。最重要的是，MSCs 很有可能穿过血脑屏障。因此，MSC 治疗被视为改善神经损伤的重要手段。本综述的目的是总结最近关于 MSCs 治疗神经疾病引起的认知功能障碍的研究。
