Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), PB, Campina Grande, Brazil.
Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (Univasf), PA, Petrolina, Brazil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2022 Sep;53(3):1623-1632. doi: 10.1007/s42770-022-00792-4. Epub 2022 Jul 9.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important crop for the family-based systems in the tropics, mainly in Brazil. In the Brazilian drylands, peanuts are cropped in low technological systems, and cheap and efficient technologies are needed to improve crop yield and sustainability. Despite this importance, few data are available on selecting efficient peanut rhizobia in experiments under different edaphoclimatic conditions. This work evaluated the agronomic efficiency and the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by two elite Bradyrhizobium strains under four different fields in the Brazilian semiarid region. We compared a new efficient strain Bradyrhizobium sp. ESA 123 with the reference strain B. elkanii SEMIA 6144, currently used in peanut rhizobial inoculants in Brazil. Besides the inoculated treatments, two uninoculated controls were assessed (with and without 80 kg ha of N-urea). The BNF was estimated by the δN approach in three out of four field assays. BNF contribution was improved by inoculation of both Bradyrhizobium strains, ranging from 42 to 51% in Petrolina and 43 to 60% in Nossa Senhora da Glória. Peanuts' yields benefited from the inoculation of both strains and N fertilization in all four assays. Nevertheless, the results showed the efficiency of both strains under different edaphoclimatic conditions, indicating the native strain ESA 123 as a potential bacterium for recommendation as inoculants for peanuts in Brazil, mainly in drylands.
花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）是热带地区以家庭为基础的系统中的重要作物，主要在巴西。在巴西旱地，花生种植在低技术系统中，需要廉价高效的技术来提高作物产量和可持续性。尽管如此，在不同的土壤气候条件下进行实验选择高效花生根瘤菌的数据很少。本工作评估了在巴西半干旱地区的四个不同田间条件下，两种优良的布拉氏菌（Bradyrhizobium）菌株的农艺效率和生物固氮（BNF）。我们比较了一种新的高效菌株布拉氏菌（Bradyrhizobium sp.）ESA 123 与目前在巴西花生根瘤菌接种剂中使用的参考菌株 B. elkanii SEMIA 6144。除了接种处理外，还评估了两个未接种对照（施氮 80kg/ha 和不施氮）。在四个田间试验中的三个试验中，通过 δN 方法估算了 BNF。两种布拉氏菌的接种均提高了 BNF，在佩特罗利纳的贡献从 42%到 51%，在格洛丽亚圣母的贡献从 43%到 60%。在所有四个试验中，花生的产量都受益于两种菌株的接种和氮肥的施用。然而，结果表明，两种菌株在不同的土壤气候条件下都具有效率，表明本地菌株 ESA 123 作为一种潜在的细菌，有潜力被推荐为巴西花生，特别是旱地的接种剂。
