Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jun 23;10:892108. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.892108. eCollection 2022.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are currently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, posing significant challenges to global healthcare systems. Particularly, the prevalence of NCDs is rising in Ethiopia, resulting in a triple burden of diseases on the health system that disproportionately affects all age groups. Hence, this study aims to determine the level of adequate knowledge of NCDs and associated factors among adult residents of the North Shewa zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study with a concurrent mixed-method approach was conducted from April 1, 2021 to May 30, 2021 among 846 residents using the multistage sampling technique. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data and a guiding checklist was used to collect qualitative data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to compute the association between explanatory variables and knowledge of NCDs. Adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence interval with a -value < 0.05 were used to decree statistical significance in multivariable analysis. Also, a thematic framework analysis was used for qualitative data analysis.
A total of 823 subjects have participated in this study making a response rate of 97.3%. The level of adequate knowledge was 33.9% (95%CI: 30.67, 37.13). Higher-income, receiving information from health professionals, owning a TV, having a family member with NCD(s), and marital status were factors significantly associated with adequate knowledge of NCDs.
This study reveals a high level of inadequate knowledge of NCDs despite its foundational ability in tackling the burden of NCDs. As a result, broadening a wider and more comprehensive health promotion strategy for the prevention of triple burden of NCDs would benefit the population. Additionally, special efforts are needed both at the practice and policy levels targeting the disadvantaged groups, such as low-income people, those who do not receive information from health professionals, those who do not own a television, and those who are widowed/divorced, who were found to have less knowledge of NCDs.
非传染性疾病（NCDs）目前是发病率和死亡率的主要原因，对全球医疗保健系统构成重大挑战。特别是，埃塞俄比亚的 NCD 患病率正在上升，导致卫生系统承受着疾病的三重负担，这种负担不成比例地影响所有年龄组。因此，本研究旨在确定北谢瓦地区成年居民对 NCD 的认知水平及其相关因素。
2021 年 4 月 1 日至 5 月 30 日，采用多阶段抽样技术，对北谢瓦地区 846 名居民进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究，并采用了同时进行的混合方法。使用访谈员管理的问卷收集定量数据，并使用指导清单收集定性数据。使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来计算解释变量与 NCD 知识之间的关联。使用具有 95%置信区间和 p 值<0.05 的调整优势比来表示多变量分析中的统计学意义。此外，还使用主题框架分析对定性数据进行了分析。
共有 823 名受试者参与了这项研究，应答率为 97.3%。足够知识的水平为 33.9%（95%CI：30.67，37.13）。较高的收入、从卫生专业人员那里获得信息、拥有电视、有 NCD（s）的家庭成员和婚姻状况是与 NCD 足够知识显著相关的因素。
尽管 NCD 基础知识对于应对 NCD 负担具有基础性作用，但本研究表明，NCD 知识的不足程度很高。因此，扩大更广泛和更全面的健康促进策略，以预防 NCD 的三重负担将使人群受益。此外，需要在实践和政策层面上针对弱势群体（如低收入人群、未从卫生专业人员那里获得信息的人群、未拥有电视的人群以及丧偶/离婚人群）做出特殊努力，这些人群的 NCD 知识较少。
