Sheffield United Footballl Club. Sport Science and Medical Department. Sheffield, UK.
Sport & Physical Activity Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, UK.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2022 Jul 4;19(1):336-348. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2091412. eCollection 2022.
Polyphenol-rich fruit supplements are commonly consumed by recreationally active and athletic populations because of their proposed benefits to both exercise performance and recovery from prior exercise. While it has been proposed that 300 mg of polyphenols pre-exercise enhances performance and 1000 mg per day accelerates recovery from muscle damage, it is difficult for consumers to optimize their intake because the polyphenol content of most fruit supplements is not available. Therefore, this study aimed to profile the phenolic and anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity of a range of polyphenol-rich fruit supplements on sale in the UK.
Ten polyphenol-rich fruit supplements (six cherry, two pomegranate, one blueberry, and one New Zealand blackcurrant) commonly consumed by athletes were analyzed for total phenols (Folin-Ciocalteu method), total anthocyanins (pH differential method), and antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC).
The ten tested supplements varied markedly per serving in total phenolics (range: 13.8-1007.3 mg/gallic acid equivalents), anthocyanin content (range: 0.19-40.52 mg/cyanidin-3-glucoside), ORAC (range: 150-10,072 µmol of trolox equivalents), and FRAP (range: 72-14,320 µmol of Fe2+ equivalents). Different brands of tart cherry concentrate also exhibited a marked variation in their content of total phenolics (208-591 mg/GAE), anthocyanins (1.5-23.7 mg/cyd-3-glu), and antioxidant capacity (FRAP: 1724-4489 µmol of Fe2+ equivalents; ORAC: 6015-10,072 µmol of TE per serving) per serving.
As expected, supplements based on different fruits contained different quantities of anthocyanins and polyphenols. However, there was also a substantial variation within different brands of tart cherry supplements. Because limited compositional information is available on the labels of most fruit-based supplements, the data in this article will enable consumers to select the required volume of the ten tested supplements to meet suggested recommendations for polyphenol intake to enhance performance (300 mg pre-exercise) and accelerate recovery (1000 mg per day) from prior exercise.
多酚含量高的水果补充剂因被认为对运动表现和运动后恢复都有好处，而受到休闲运动和运动员人群的欢迎。虽然有研究表明，运动前摄入 300 毫克多酚可以提高运动表现，每天摄入 1000 毫克可以加速肌肉损伤的恢复，但由于大多数水果补充剂的多酚含量无法确定，消费者很难优化其摄入量。因此，本研究旨在分析英国市场上销售的一系列多酚含量高的水果补充剂的总酚、总花青素含量和抗氧化能力。
对十种常见的运动员食用的多酚含量高的水果补充剂（六种樱桃、两种石榴、一种蓝莓和一种新西兰黑加仑）进行总酚（福林-考克法）、总花青素（pH 差法）和抗氧化能力（铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）和氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）分析。
十种测试的补充剂每份的总酚含量（范围：13.8-1007.3 毫克没食子酸当量）、花青素含量（范围：0.19-40.52 毫克矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷）、ORAC（范围：150-10072 微摩尔 Trolox 当量）和 FRAP（范围：72-14320 微摩尔亚铁当量）差异显著。不同品牌的酸樱桃浓缩物在总酚含量（208-591 毫克 GAE）、花青素含量（1.5-23.7 毫克 cyd-3-glu）和抗氧化能力（FRAP：1724-4489 微摩尔亚铁当量；ORAC：每份 6015-10072 微摩尔 TE）方面也表现出显著差异。
不出所料，不同水果制成的补充剂含有不同数量的花青素和多酚。然而，不同品牌的酸樱桃补充剂之间也存在着很大的差异。由于大多数水果基补充剂的标签上提供的成分信息有限，本文的数据将使消费者能够选择十种测试补充剂的所需剂量，以满足运动前摄入 300 毫克多酚以提高运动表现（300 毫克）和运动后每天摄入 1000 毫克以加速恢复（1000 毫克）的建议。
