Azarbad Hamed
Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology of Plants, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jun 9;13:903500. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.903500. eCollection 2022.
In recent years, agricultural productivity has been affected dramatically by climate-related events such as drought. On the other hand, agricultural intensification is expected to increase to satisfy the need for increased global food production. Microbes associated with soil and plants produce a range of bioactive natural products that significantly contribute to crop stress tolerance. Therefore, a better understanding of the parallel effects of agricultural management (conventional and organic croplands) and climate conditions on soil-microbe-plant interactions is crucial to maximizing the effort in engineering a plant microbiome that can better support productivity in agroecosystems. This paper provides a general overview of the major current debates on conventional and organic farming performance regarding yields, particularly under ambient and future climate conditions. With the main focus on cropland, the effect of agricultural management on soil and plant microbiomes is discussed. In addition, the advantage of incorporating microbiome-based approaches into current farming practices to ensure agricultural productivity with less adverse environmental impacts is highlighted. To enhance crop production under organic farming without massive land-use changes and expansion of farmland, the microbial-based approach can be used to ensure higher productivity, particularly under a rapidly changing climate.
近年来，农业生产力受到干旱等与气候相关事件的显著影响。另一方面，预计农业集约化程度将提高，以满足全球粮食产量增加的需求。与土壤和植物相关的微生物会产生一系列生物活性天然产物，这些产物对作物的胁迫耐受性有显著贡献。因此，更好地了解农业管理（传统农田和有机农田）和气候条件对土壤 - 微生物 - 植物相互作用的平行影响，对于最大限度地努力构建能够更好地支持农业生态系统生产力的植物微生物组至关重要。本文概述了当前关于传统农业和有机农业在产量方面表现的主要争论，特别是在当前和未来气候条件下。主要聚焦于农田，讨论了农业管理对土壤和植物微生物组的影响。此外，还强调了将基于微生物组的方法纳入当前耕作实践以确保农业生产力同时减少对环境的不利影响的优势。为了在不进行大规模土地利用变化和农田扩张的情况下提高有机农业的作物产量，可以采用基于微生物的方法来确保更高的生产力，特别是在快速变化的气候条件下。
