Tai Kenneth, Lin Katrina Jia, Lam Catherine K, Liu Wu
Department of Organisational Behavior and Human Resources.
Department of Management and Marketing.
J Appl Psychol. 2023 Jan;108(1):27-52. doi: 10.1037/apl0000580. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
Social exchange theory suggests that after receiving help, people reciprocate by helping the original help giver. However, we propose that help recipients may respond negatively and harm the help giver when they perceive helping as a status threat and experience envy. Integrating the helping as status relations framework and the social functional perspective of envy, we examine when and why receiving help may prompt help recipients to undermine help givers. Across four studies, we find progressive support for our results, which show that when individuals receive task-related help from help givers who are perceived to be more, rather than less, competent than them, they experience greater status threat and envy. As help recipients experience envy toward help givers, they are likely to undermine help givers, and this positive relationship becomes stronger for help recipients who have higher status striving motivation. Our findings underscore the status dynamics implicated in helping interactions by highlighting that help recipients, especially those with higher status striving motivation, may paradoxically undermine help givers when they perceive status threat from and feel envious of help givers, as a result of receiving help from more competent help givers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
社会交换理论认为，人们在接受帮助后，会通过帮助最初的帮助者来进行回报。然而，我们提出，当受助者将接受帮助视为一种地位威胁并产生嫉妒情绪时，他们可能会做出负面反应并伤害帮助者。综合“帮助即地位关系”框架和嫉妒的社会功能视角，我们考察了接受帮助在何时以及为何会促使受助者损害帮助者。在四项研究中，我们的结果得到了递进式支持，结果表明，当个体从被认为比自己更有能力（而非能力更弱）的帮助者那里获得与任务相关的帮助时，他们会感受到更大的地位威胁和嫉妒。随着受助者对帮助者产生嫉妒情绪，他们很可能会损害帮助者，而且对于那些有更高地位追求动机的受助者来说，这种正向关系会变得更强。我们的研究结果强调了帮助互动中所涉及的地位动态变化，即受助者，尤其是那些有更高地位追求动机的受助者，在因从更有能力的帮助者那里接受帮助而感受到来自帮助者的地位威胁并产生嫉妒时，可能会做出自相矛盾的行为，损害帮助者。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
