Serup J, Staberg B
Contact Dermatitis. 1987 Mar;16(3):129-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb01404.x.
12 patients with known allergy to nickel were patch tested with nickel sulphate, nickel chloride, and sodium lauryl sulphate 1, 2, 5 and 10%. 2 parallel series were performed, i.e., one with 24-h and one with 48-h application time. Reactions were followed by measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Allergic reactions showed a normal TEWL after 24-h application, and after 48 h, only strong reactions resulted in increased TEWL. In contrast, irritant reactions showed increased TEWL in both series, irrespective of the strength of the reaction. The deficient water barrier of allergic reactions is secondary, probably resulting from the underlying inflammatory process. Consequently, if TEWL measurements are used for the purpose of differentiating allergic and irritant skin reactions, a short application period, i.e., in this study 24 h, is preferable, with recordings performed shortly after removal of test chambers.
12名已知对镍过敏的患者用硫酸镍、氯化镍以及1%、2%、5%和10%的月桂醇硫酸酯钠进行斑贴试验。进行了2个平行系列试验，即一个应用时间为24小时，另一个为48小时。通过测量经表皮水分流失（TEWL）来跟踪反应情况。过敏反应在应用24小时后TEWL正常，48小时后，只有强烈反应导致TEWL增加。相比之下，刺激性反应在两个系列中均表现为TEWL增加，与反应强度无关。过敏反应中水分屏障的缺陷是继发性的，可能是由潜在的炎症过程导致的。因此，如果使用TEWL测量来区分过敏性和刺激性皮肤反应，较短的应用时间（即本研究中的24小时）更可取，在移除试验腔室后不久进行记录。
