Stechele Brecht, Maar Marie, Wijsman Jeroen, Van der Zande Dimitry, Degraer Steven, Bossier Peter, Nevejan Nancy
Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
Department of Bioscience, Applied Marine Ecology and Modelling, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
Conserv Physiol. 2022 Jul 8;10(1):coac034. doi: 10.1093/conphys/coac034. eCollection 2022.
To predict the response of the European flat oyster () and Pacific cupped oyster () populations to environmental changes, it is key to understand their life history traits. The Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory is a mechanistic framework that enables the quantification of the bioenergetics of development, growth and reproduction from fertilization to death across different life stages. This study estimates the DEB parameters for the European flat oyster, based on a comprehensive dataset, while DEB parameters for the Pacific cupped oyster were extracted from the literature. The DEB parameters for both species were validated using growth rates from laboratory experiments at several constant temperatures and food levels as well as with collected aquaculture data from the Limfjorden, Denmark, and the German Bight. DEB parameters and the Arrhenius temperature parameters were compared to get insight in the life history traits of both species. It is expected that increasing water temperatures due to climate change will be beneficial for both species. Lower assimilation rates and high energy allocation to soma explain slow growth and low reproductive output. high assimilation rate, low investment in soma and extremely low reserve mobility explains the species' fast growth, high tolerance to starvation and high reproductive output. Hence, the reproductive strategies of both species are considerably different. Flat oysters are especially susceptible to unfavourable environmental conditions during the brooding period, while Pacific oysters' large investment in reproduction make it well adapted to highly diverse environments. Based on the life history traits, aquaculture and restoration of should be executed in environments with suitable and stable conditions.
为预测欧洲扁牡蛎（）和太平洋杯形牡蛎（）种群对环境变化的响应，了解它们的生活史特征是关键。动态能量平衡（DEB）理论是一个机制框架，能够量化从受精到不同生命阶段死亡过程中发育、生长和繁殖的生物能量学。本研究基于一个综合数据集估算了欧洲扁牡蛎的DEB参数，而太平洋杯形牡蛎的DEB参数则从文献中提取。使用在几个恒定温度和食物水平下的实验室实验生长率以及从丹麦利姆海峡和德国湾收集的水产养殖数据对这两个物种的DEB参数进行了验证。比较了DEB参数和阿伦尼乌斯温度参数，以深入了解这两个物种的生活史特征。预计气候变化导致的水温升高对这两个物种都有利。较低的同化率和对躯体的高能量分配解释了生长缓慢和繁殖产出低的原因。高同化率、对躯体的低投入和极低的储备流动性解释了该物种的快速生长、对饥饿的高耐受性和高繁殖产出。因此，这两个物种的繁殖策略有很大不同。扁牡蛎在育雏期特别容易受到不利环境条件的影响，而太平洋牡蛎对繁殖的大量投入使其能很好地适应高度多样化的环境。基于生活史特征，欧洲扁牡蛎的水产养殖和恢复应在适宜且稳定的环境中进行。
