Rakhimov Arman, Realo Anu, Tang Nicole K Y
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick.
Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu.
J Pers Assess. 2023 May-Jun;105(3):422-435. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2022.2093731. Epub 2022 Jul 13.
The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) is one of the several tools for measuring compassionate self-attitude. Despite its popularity, there is an ongoing controversy regarding its factor structure. Previous studies employing exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) found support for the single-bifactor (one general and six group factors) model over the competing two-bifactor (two general factors representing compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding and six group factors) model. Here, we replicated and extended previous ESEM studies through examining the validity and dimensionality of different bifactor models in a sample of UK adults. Model fit was examined across two estimators: maximum likelihood and weighted least square mean and variance adjusted. Finally, we investigated whether one or two observed scores of the SCS can better identify cases of depression, anxiety, and mental wellbeing. Both bifactor models showed good fit to the data irrespective of the estimators used, but only the single-bifactor model demonstrated satisfactory convergent and criterion validity and unidimensionality. The total observed SCS score detected depression, anxiety and high mental wellbeing with higher accuracy than any of the two scores. Overall, we propose to use the total score of the SCS in further research and practice.
自我同情量表（SCS）是用于测量自我同情态度的几种工具之一。尽管它很受欢迎，但关于其因素结构仍存在争议。以往采用探索性结构方程模型（ESEM）的研究发现，与竞争的双因素模型（两个代表同情和不同情自我反应的一般因素以及六个组因素）相比，单双因素模型（一个一般因素和六个组因素）得到了更多支持。在此，我们通过在英国成年人样本中检验不同双因素模型的有效性和维度，复制并扩展了以往的ESEM研究。在两种估计方法中检验了模型拟合度：最大似然法和加权最小二乘均值与方差调整法。最后，我们研究了SCS的一个或两个观测分数是否能更好地识别抑郁、焦虑和心理健康状况。无论使用哪种估计方法，两种双因素模型都显示出对数据的良好拟合，但只有单双因素模型表现出令人满意的收敛效度、效标效度和单维度性。总的SCS观测分数比两个分数中的任何一个都能更准确地检测出抑郁、焦虑和高心理健康水平。总体而言，我们建议在进一步的研究和实践中使用SCS的总分。
