Zhao Jiaxi, Huang Yiqin, Yu Xiaofeng
Department of General Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Int Urol Nephrol. 2022 Oct;54(10):2457-2466. doi: 10.1007/s11255-022-03295-1. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
Kidney stone disease is increasingly common in the general population, with a high recurrence rate after stone removal. It has been proven that caffeine consumption can reduce the risk of diseases, such as stroke and dementia. However, the effect of caffeine intake on the incidence of kidney stones has not been determined. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the association of caffeine intake with the risk of incident kidney stones.
PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and Google Scholar were searched using terms related to coffee, caffeine and kidney stones to find eligible articles up to December 2021. Articles with clear diagnostic criteria for kidney stone disease and the exact intake dose of caffeine were included. The incidence of kidney stone disease was the main outcome. Summarized risk estimates and 95% CIs for the highest and lowest categories of caffeine intake were calculated using a random effects model.
Seven studies were included in the final meta-analysis, with 9707 cases of kidney stones and a total of 772,290 cohort members. Compared with the lowest category of caffeine intake, the pooled relative risk (RR) was 0.68 ([95% CI 0.61-0.75], I = 57%) for the highest category of caffeine intake. Subgroup analyses showed that caffeine intake had an inverse relationship with the incidence of kidney stones in all subgroups.
This study suggests that a higher caffeine intake may be associated with a lower risk of incident kidney stones.
肾结石疾病在普通人群中越来越常见，结石清除后复发率很高。已证实摄入咖啡因可降低中风和痴呆等疾病的风险。然而，咖啡因摄入对肾结石发病率的影响尚未确定。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估咖啡因摄入与新发肾结石风险之间的关联。
使用与咖啡、咖啡因和肾结石相关的术语在PubMed、科学网、Scopus、Cochrane和谷歌学术上进行检索，以查找截至2021年12月的符合条件的文章。纳入具有明确肾结石疾病诊断标准和咖啡因确切摄入剂量的文章。肾结石疾病的发病率是主要结局。使用随机效应模型计算咖啡因摄入量最高和最低类别汇总的风险估计值和95%置信区间。
最终的荟萃分析纳入了7项研究，共9707例肾结石病例和772290名队列成员。与咖啡因摄入量最低的类别相比，咖啡因摄入量最高的类别汇总相对风险（RR）为0.68（[95%置信区间0.61-0.75]，I=57%）。亚组分析表明，在所有亚组中，咖啡因摄入与肾结石发病率呈负相关。
本研究表明，较高的咖啡因摄入量可能与较低的新发肾结石风险相关。
