RD Néphrologie, 2 Rue des Mûriers, 34090, Montpellier, France.
BC2M, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 13;12(1):11861. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15739-w.
Vascular calcification is a risk factor for cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Medial calcification may differently affect the arterial tree depending on vessel location and smooth muscle injury. The aim was to map the anatomical distribution of vascular calcifications on different arteries and artery locations, in cultured artery rings (ex vivo) and in a rat model of elastocalcinosis (in vivo). Vascular calcification was assessed histologically (von Kossa staining of the media) and by calcium content measurement. Arteries of different sizes were harvested from untreated rats for ring culture and from the vitamin D-nicotine (VDN) rat model for direct observation. When cultured in pro-calcifying conditions, thoracic aorta exhibited similar calcification from the arch to the diaphragm. Calcification increased in abdominal aorta along with the reduction in cross sectional area. Carotid and renal arteries exhibited similar ex vivo calcification. In VDN rats, calcification was greater in carotid artery than in aorta, and was accompanied by fibrosis and apoptosis. Ex vivo, calcification was increased by the induction of lesions on arteries. Along the vascular tree, calcification of the arterial wall increases with the narrowing of vessels in ex vivo ring culture and in vivo. The observed differences represent local susceptibility of the vessels to the calcifying processes.
血管钙化是心血管和肾脏疾病的一个危险因素。中膜钙化可能会根据血管位置和平滑肌损伤的不同而对动脉树产生不同的影响。本研究旨在绘制不同动脉和动脉位置的血管钙化在培养的动脉环（离体）和弹性钙沉着症大鼠模型（体内）中的解剖分布图谱。通过组织学（中膜 von Kossa 染色）和钙含量测量评估血管钙化。从小鼠中分离出不同大小的动脉进行环培养，并从小鼠维生素 D-烟碱（VDN）模型中直接观察。在促钙化条件下培养时，胸主动脉从弓部到膈肌呈现出相似的钙化。腹主动脉的钙化随横截面积的减少而增加。颈动脉和肾动脉在离体时表现出相似的钙化。在 VDN 大鼠中，颈动脉的钙化比主动脉更严重，同时伴有纤维化和细胞凋亡。在离体时，通过诱导动脉损伤可以增加钙化。在整个血管树中，随着血管狭窄程度的增加，血管壁的钙化在离体环培养和体内均会增加。观察到的差异代表了血管对钙化过程的局部易感性。
