Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 36000, China.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022 Nov;31(11):1827-1845. doi: 10.1007/s00787-022-02040-4. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
Mental disorders account for a large and increasing health burden worldwide, as shown in the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study 2010. Unpacking how this burden in children and adolescents varies with sex, geographical regions, and ethnicities and how it has changed in the last 3 decades are important to improve the existing public health policies and prevention strategies. The study was conducted using GBD 2019 database. The burden of children and adolescents' (< 20 years old) mental disorders was displayed as prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years of life lost, and years lived with disability globally between 1990 and 2019. The number of DALYs in children and adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders was 21.5 million (95% CI: 15.2-29.6 million) in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized rates of DALYs of mental disorders increased from 803.8 per 100,000 (95% CI: 567.7-1104.3 per 100,000) to 833.2 per 100,000 (95% CI: 589.0-1146.1 per 100,000) population. Over the past 30 years, there had been a huge increase in the number of individuals suffering from anxiety disorders, major depressive disorders, and conduct disorders including an alarming increase in the rate of eating disorders such as 24.3% in bulimia nervosa and 17.0% in anorexia nervosa. Globally, 8.8% of children and adolescents have been diagnosed with varieties of mental illnesses, accounting for a heavy disease burden on public health. Besides, the worldwide increasing rates of anxiety disorders, major depressive disorders, and eating disorders have brought considerable challenges to public health undertakings, for which further prevention and treatment countermeasures are urgently needed.
精神障碍在全球范围内造成了巨大且不断增加的健康负担，这一点在 2010 年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究中有所体现。了解儿童和青少年的这种负担在性别、地理区域和种族之间的差异情况，以及其在过去 30 年中的变化情况，对于改善现有的公共卫生政策和预防策略非常重要。本研究使用了 GBD 2019 数据库。1990 年至 2019 年，全球范围内儿童和青少年（<20 岁）精神障碍的患病率、发病率、伤残调整生命年（DALYs）、损失的生命年和残疾生命年等指标，以疾病负担的形式呈现。2019 年，被诊断患有精神障碍的儿童和青少年的 DALY 数为 2150 万（95%置信区间：1520 万至 2960 万）。从 1990 年到 2019 年，精神障碍的年龄标准化 DALY 率从每 10 万人 803.8 个（95%置信区间：567.7 至 1104.3 个）增加到每 10 万人 833.2 个（95%置信区间：589.0 至 1146.1 个）。在过去的 30 年中，焦虑症、重性抑郁症和品行障碍患者的数量大幅增加，其中饮食障碍的发病率令人震惊地增加，如神经性贪食症增加了 24.3%，神经性厌食症增加了 17.0%。全球范围内，有 8.8%的儿童和青少年被诊断患有各种精神疾病，这给公共卫生带来了沉重的负担。此外，焦虑症、重性抑郁症和饮食障碍的全球发病率不断上升，给公共卫生事业带来了相当大的挑战，因此迫切需要采取进一步的预防和治疗措施。
