再矿化和脱矿保护：含羟磷灰石、含氟化物和不含氟化物及羟磷灰石的牙膏对体外人牙釉质的影响。
Remineralization and protection from demineralization: effects of a hydroxyapatite-containing, a fluoride-containing and a fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste on human enamel in vitro.
机构信息
Private Practice, Westfälische Str. 18, 57462, Olpe, Germany.
Institute of Mineralogy, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 24, 48149, Münster, Germany.
出版信息
Head Face Med. 2022 Jul 13;18(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s13005-022-00330-5.
BACKGROUND
The aim was to evaluate the remineralization potential as well as the extent of protection against renewed demineralization of enamel by hydroxyapatite-containing toothpaste (Karex) in comparison to fluoride-containing (Elmex) and fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste (Ajona) as control.
METHODS
Fifty-seven enamel samples were obtained from 19 human teeth. Five demarcated surfaces were created on each tooth (S0-S4). Four of the surfaces (S1-S4) were exposed to lactic acid (pH 3) for 8 h (demineralization). S0 was left untreated as control. S1 was solely treated with acid. After demineralization, S2 was exposed to Karex for 2 min, of which 15 s were brushing. S3 was treated with Elmex and S4 with Ajona, accordingly. Then, the samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and ImageJ image analysis software to determine the percentage of demineralization. Afterwards, S2-S4 were again exposed to lactic acid for 2 h, and subjected to pixel analysis another time. Data were statistically analysed using ANOVA with post-hoc Scheffé test and the Kurskal-Wallis test.
RESULTS
The surfaces treated with Elmex showed the lowest percentage of demineralization (mean 5.01 ± 0.98%) (p < 0.01). Thus, Elmex remineralized more effectively compared to Ajona (8.89 ± 1.41%) and Karex (9.85 ± 1.63%) (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Elmex showed the lowest percentage of demineralized enamel after new demineralization (median 6.29%), followed by Ajona (11.92%) and Karex (13.46%) (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
In terms of remineralization and protection against renewed demineralization, a hydroxyapatite-containing toothpaste (Karex) appears to be inferior to a fluoride-containing toothpaste (Elmex) and a fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste (Ajona). Hence, the recommendation to use Karex to protect against demineralization should be critically questioned.
背景
本研究旨在评估含羟磷灰石牙膏（Karex）在再矿化潜力以及抵抗牙釉质脱矿方面的效果，并与含氟牙膏（Elmex）和不含氟及羟磷灰石牙膏（Ajona）进行比较。
方法
从 19 个人类牙齿中获得了 57 个牙釉质样本。每个牙齿上创建了 5 个标记表面（S0-S4）。其中 4 个表面（S1-S4）暴露于乳酸（pH 3）中 8 小时（脱矿）。S0 作为对照未进行处理。S1 仅用酸处理。脱矿后，S2 用 Karex 处理 2 分钟，其中 15 秒用于刷牙。S3 用 Elmex 处理，S4 用 Ajona 处理。然后，使用扫描电子显微镜和 ImageJ 图像分析软件评估样本，以确定脱矿百分比。之后，S2-S4 再次暴露于乳酸中 2 小时，再次进行像素分析。使用方差分析（ANOVA）结合事后 Scheffé 检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验对数据进行统计学分析。
结果
用 Elmex 处理的表面显示出最低的脱矿百分比（平均值 5.01±0.98%）（p<0.01）。因此，与 Ajona（8.89±1.41%）和 Karex（9.85±1.63%）相比，Elmex 具有更好的再矿化效果（p<0.01）。此外，在新脱矿后，Elmex 显示出最低的脱矿牙釉质百分比（中位数 6.29%），其次是 Ajona（11.92%）和 Karex（13.46%）（p<0.001）。
结论
在再矿化和抵抗再脱矿方面，含羟磷灰石牙膏（Karex）似乎不如含氟牙膏（Elmex）和不含氟及羟磷灰石牙膏（Ajona）有效。因此，建议使用 Karex 来防止脱矿化应受到质疑。
Zotero 插件