Alemayehu Astawus, Demissie Abebaw, Yusuf Mohammed, Abdullahi Yasin, Abdulwehab Remzia, Oljira Lemessa, Feleke Dereje
Department of Nursing, Rift Valley University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, Harar Health Science College, Harar, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2022 Jul 6;10:20503121221108616. doi: 10.1177/20503121221108616. eCollection 2022.
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major threat to community health, and vaccinations are a safe and effective way to reduce disease loads around the world. This study aimed to assess the age and gender disparity in adverse effects following the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine among the vaccinated population in Eastern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 832 randomly selected individuals from December 1st to 20th, 2021, in eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SPSS V26. Descriptive summary statistics were done. A chi-square test statistic was computed to assess the difference in adverse effects between age groups and both genders.
Out of 832 study participants who had taken the first dose of AstraZeneca vaccine, 96.3% of them felt at least one adverse effect. The magnitude of adverse reactions was higher among male participants. The reported adverse reactions were significantly higher in the age group of 50-60 years with comorbidity than those of <50 and >60 years of age.
Overall, there is a significant age and gender difference in adverse effects following the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, adverse reactions were higher among people with comorbidity in the age group of 50-60 years. The Harari Regional Health Bureau should provide training for frontline healthcare workers on early recognition and response to adverse effects of the COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, information and education should be provided to the community as a whole regarding recognition and the appropriate measures to be taken.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是对社区健康的重大威胁，而疫苗接种是减少全球疾病负担的安全有效方式。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部接种人群中接种第一剂阿斯利康COVID-19疫苗后不良反应的年龄和性别差异。
2021年12月1日至20日，在埃塞俄比亚东部对832名随机选取的个体进行了基于社区的横断面研究设计。通过使用预先测试的结构化问卷进行面对面访谈收集数据。使用SPSS V26进行数据分析。进行描述性汇总统计。计算卡方检验统计量以评估年龄组和两性之间不良反应的差异。
在832名接种了第一剂阿斯利康疫苗的研究参与者中，96.3%的人至少感觉到一种不良反应。男性参与者的不良反应程度更高。报告的50 - 60岁合并症年龄组的不良反应明显高于<50岁和>60岁年龄组。
总体而言，接种第一剂阿斯利康COVID-19疫苗后不良反应存在显著的年龄和性别差异。此外，50 - 60岁合并症人群的不良反应更高。哈拉里地区卫生局应为一线医护人员提供关于COVID-19疫苗不良反应早期识别和应对的培训。此外，应向整个社区提供关于识别和应采取的适当措施的信息和教育。
