Ma Tengfei, He Xiaohui, Chen Shanguo, Li Yujia, Huang Qiwei, Xue Chao, Shen Qirong
Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Key Laboratory of Green Intelligent Fertilizer Innovation MARD, Sinong Bio-organic Fertilizer Institute, Nanjing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jun 27;13:890712. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.890712. eCollection 2022.
Microorganisms are the most abundant and diverse organisms in soils and have important effects on soil fertility. In this study, effects of the long-term fertilization treatments no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK)), and organic-inorganic fertilizer (NPK and organic fertilizer (NPKM)) on rice yield and soil bacterial and fungal community diversity, structure, composition, and interaction networks were evaluated. Of the three treatments, the highest rice yield was in NPKM. Bacterial richness was significantly higher in NPKM than in NPK. Fertilization treatment significantly altered β diversity of communities, species composition of bacterial and fungal communities, and structure of soil microbial networks. The most complex bacterial and fungal interaction co-occurrence network with the highest average degree and numbers of edges and nodes was in NPKM. Relative abundance of the plant growth-promoting fungus increased significantly in NPKM compared with CK and NPK. The results of the study indicate that bacterial richness and microbial community member interactions (network complexity) might be suitable indicators of soil biological fertility. This research provides new insights on the effects of different fertilization regimes on responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities and their contributions to crop yield. New indicators such as bacterial richness and complexity of microbial interaction networks are also identified that can be used to evaluate soil biological fertility.
微生物是土壤中数量最多、种类最丰富的生物，对土壤肥力有重要影响。在本研究中，评估了长期施肥处理（不施肥（CK）、化肥（氮磷钾（NPK））和有机无机肥（NPK和有机肥（NPKM）））对水稻产量以及土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性、结构、组成和相互作用网络的影响。在这三种处理中，NPKM处理的水稻产量最高。NPKM处理的细菌丰富度显著高于NPK处理。施肥处理显著改变了群落的β多样性、细菌和真菌群落的物种组成以及土壤微生物网络的结构。NPKM处理中细菌和真菌的相互作用共现网络最为复杂，平均度、边数和节点数最高。与CK和NPK相比，NPKM处理中促进植物生长的真菌相对丰度显著增加。研究结果表明，细菌丰富度和微生物群落成员间的相互作用（网络复杂性）可能是土壤生物肥力的合适指标。本研究为不同施肥制度对土壤细菌和真菌群落响应及其对作物产量贡献的影响提供了新的见解。还确定了细菌丰富度和微生物相互作用网络复杂性等新指标，可用于评估土壤生物肥力。
