Yavuz Erdal, Turgut Kasim, Gulacti Umut, Aydın İrfan, Ozcan Oguzhan, Sonmez Cihad, Arslan Ebru
Department of Emergency Medicine, Adiyaman University Medical Faculty, Adıyaman, Turkey.
Avicenna J Med. 2022 Jul 3;12(2):81-86. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1750391. eCollection 2022 Apr.
Currently, the most effective method in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is vaccination against the disease. However, there are hesitations among society concerning the safety and side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. We aimed to determine the observed side effects that require an emergency room visit after taking the BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccines. This prospective observational study was conducted with patients who presented to the emergency department due to vaccine-related complications after COVID-19 vaccination. The patients' symptoms at the time of presentation, time from vaccination to the onset of symptoms, and dose of the vaccine administered were determined. In addition, the demographic characteristics of the patients, whether they had a history of COVID-19 infection, and their vital signs at the time of presentation were recorded. The variables were compared according to the type of vaccine administered. The study included 182 patients who presented to the emergency department over a 6-month period. It was determined that 166 of these patients (91.2%) had received the BNT162b2 vaccine and 16 (8.8%) had received the CoronaVac vaccine. The majority of the patients did not have a history of COVID-19 infection (70.3%), and most presented to the hospital with complications after the second dose (61%). The onset of vaccine-related symptoms was mostly within 1 to 12 hours (39%). The majority of patients (97.8%) were discharged from the emergency department. The most common symptoms after vaccination were fatigue ( = 70), followed by muscle/joint pain ( = 52), headache ( = 33), and fever ( = 32). The rate of dizziness was found to be statistically significantly higher in the CoronaVac vaccine group than in the BNT162b2 vaccine group ( = 0.008). There was no statistically significant difference between the two vaccine groups in relation to the remaining symptoms ( > 0.005). There were no serious complications related to the BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccine. The most common symptom after both vaccines was fatigue; therefore, the BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccines can be safely administered.
目前，对抗2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）最有效的方法是接种该疾病的疫苗。然而，社会上对COVID-19疫苗的安全性和副作用存在疑虑。我们旨在确定接种BNT162b2疫苗和科兴新冠疫苗后需要前往急诊室就诊的观察到的副作用。
这项前瞻性观察性研究是针对因接种COVID-19疫苗后出现与疫苗相关并发症而到急诊科就诊的患者进行的。确定了患者就诊时的症状、从接种疫苗到症状出现的时间以及接种的疫苗剂量。此外，记录了患者的人口统计学特征、是否有COVID-19感染史以及就诊时的生命体征。根据接种的疫苗类型对变量进行比较。
该研究纳入了在6个月期间到急诊科就诊的182名患者。确定其中166名患者（91.2%）接种了BNT162b2疫苗，16名患者（8.8%）接种了科兴新冠疫苗。大多数患者没有COVID-19感染史（70.3%），且大多数在接种第二剂疫苗后出现并发症并到医院就诊（61%）。与疫苗相关症状的出现大多在1至12小时内（39%）。大多数患者（97.8%）从急诊科出院。接种疫苗后最常见的症状是疲劳（n = 70），其次是肌肉/关节疼痛（n = 52）、头痛（n = 33）和发热（n = 32）。发现科兴新冠疫苗组头晕的发生率在统计学上显著高于BNT162b2疫苗组（P = 0.008）。两组疫苗在其余症状方面无统计学显著差异（P > 0.005）。
与BNT162b2或科兴新冠疫苗均无严重并发症。两种疫苗接种后最常见的症状都是疲劳；因此，BNT162b2疫苗和科兴新冠疫苗可以安全接种。
