Universidad Europea de Canarias, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Tenerife, España. Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAD).
Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, España.
Emergencias. 2022 Aug;34(4):275-281.
To study whether there are age-related differences in the clinical effects of cannabis poisoning and whether any age differences found are also related to sex or coingestion of alcohol.
Descriptive observational study of patients treated in 11 emergency departments for symptoms related to cannabis use. We collected data on 11 clinical manifestations and used a restricted cubic spline model to analyze their relative frequency according to age. We also looked for any interactions between the findings and patient sex or alcohol coingestion.
A total of 949 patients were studied. The mean age was 29 years, 74% were males, and 39% had also consumed alcohol. We identified 3 symptom patterns related to age. One set of symptoms (vomiting, headache, convulsions, and hypotension) remained stable across all ages. Manifestations that increased in the middle of the age range studied were agitation and aggressivity, psychosis, palpitations and hallucinations. Chest pain and hypertension increased in older-aged patients. The frequencies of palpitations, vomiting, and headache differed according to sex. These manifestations held constant in males but were markedly higher in young-adult females. Coingestion of alcohol was associated with agitation and aggressivity (in 34.0% vs 23.4%, P .001), fewer reports of palpitations (in 9.8% vs 15.6%, P = .01), less anxiety (in 20.7% vs 27.8%, P = .01), less psychosis (in 10.3% vs 16.6%, P = .007), and less chest pain (in 3.8% vs 9.5%, P = .001). The only significant interaction between age and alcohol coingestion occurred with respect to vomiting and psychosis.
There are age-related differences in the acute clinical manifestations of cannabis poisoning requiring emergency hospital care. Sex and coingestion of alcohol modify the relationship between age and frequency of some manifestations.
研究大麻中毒的临床效应是否存在与年龄相关的差异，以及发现的任何年龄差异是否也与性别或同时摄入酒精有关。
对因与大麻使用相关的症状而在 11 家急诊部接受治疗的患者进行描述性观察研究。我们收集了 11 种临床表现的数据，并使用限制立方样条模型根据年龄分析其相对频率。我们还寻找了这些发现与患者性别或同时摄入酒精之间的任何相互作用。
共研究了 949 名患者。平均年龄为 29 岁，74%为男性，39%同时摄入了酒精。我们确定了 3 种与年龄相关的症状模式。一组症状（呕吐、头痛、抽搐和低血压）在所有年龄段都保持稳定。在研究的年龄范围内增加的表现是激越和攻击性、精神病、心悸和幻觉。胸痛和高血压在年龄较大的患者中增加。心悸、呕吐和头痛的频率根据性别而有所不同。这些表现对男性保持不变，但在年轻成年女性中明显更高。同时摄入酒精与激越和攻击性（34.0%比 23.4%，P<.001）、心悸报告减少（9.8%比 15.6%，P=.01）、焦虑减少（20.7%比 27.8%，P=.01）、精神病减少（10.3%比 16.6%，P=.007）和胸痛减少（3.8%比 9.5%，P=.001）有关。年龄和同时摄入酒精之间唯一显著的相互作用发生在呕吐和精神病方面。
在需要急诊住院治疗的大麻中毒的急性临床表现中存在与年龄相关的差异。性别和同时摄入酒精改变了年龄与某些表现频率之间的关系。
