Shen Yangyang, Lian Di, Shi Kai, Gao Yuefeng, Hu Xiaoxiang, Yu Kun, Zhao Qian, Feng Chungang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Jun 28;10:956334. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.956334. eCollection 2022.
The rapid development of medical technology and widespread application of immunosuppressive drugs have improved the success rate of organ transplantation significantly. However, the use of immunosuppressive agents increases the frequency of malignancy greatly. With the prospect of "precision medicine" for tumors and development of next-generation sequencing technology, more attention has been paid to the application of high-throughput sequencing technology in clinical oncology research, which is mainly applied to the early diagnosis of tumors and analysis of tumor-related genes. All generations of cancers carry somatic mutations, meanwhile, significant differences were observed in mutational signatures across tumors. Systematic sequencing of cancer genomes from patients after organ transplantation can reveal DNA damage and repair processes in exposed cancer cells and their precursors. In this review, we summarize the application of high-throughput sequencing and organoids in the field of organ transplantation, the mutational patterns of cancer genomes, and propose a new research strategy for understanding the mechanism of cancer following organ transplantation.
医学技术的快速发展和免疫抑制药物的广泛应用显著提高了器官移植的成功率。然而，免疫抑制剂的使用大大增加了恶性肿瘤的发生频率。随着肿瘤“精准医学”的前景以及新一代测序技术的发展，高通量测序技术在临床肿瘤学研究中的应用受到了更多关注，其主要应用于肿瘤的早期诊断和肿瘤相关基因的分析。所有类型的癌症都携带体细胞突变，同时，不同肿瘤的突变特征存在显著差异。对器官移植后患者的癌症基因组进行系统测序，可以揭示暴露的癌细胞及其前体细胞中的DNA损伤和修复过程。在本综述中，我们总结了高通量测序和类器官在器官移植领域的应用、癌症基因组的突变模式，并提出了一种新的研究策略，以了解器官移植后癌症的发生机制。
