Cao Shuqin, Yuan Quan
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
Biomater Transl. 2022 Mar 28;3(1):55-64. doi: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2022.01.006. eCollection 2022.
Stem cells have been one of the ideal sources for tissue regeneration owing to their capability of self-renewal and differentiation. In vivo, the extracellular microenvironment plays a vital role in modulating stem cell fate. When developing biomaterials for regenerative medicine, incorporating biochemical and biophysical cues to mimic extracellular matrix can enhance stem cell lineage differentiation. More specifically, modulating the stem cell fate can be achieved by controlling the nanotopographic features on synthetic surfaces. Optimization of nanotopographical features leads to desirable stem cell functions, which can maximize the effectiveness of regenerative treatment. In this review, nanotopographical surfaces, including static patterned surface, dynamic patterned surface, and roughness are summarized, and their fabrication, as well as the impact on stem cell behaviour, are discussed. Later, the recent progress of applying nanotopographical featured biomaterials for altering different types of stem cells is presented, which directs the design and fabrication of functional biomaterial. Last, the perspective in fundamental research and for clinical application in this field is discussed.
由于干细胞具有自我更新和分化的能力，它们一直是组织再生的理想来源之一。在体内，细胞外微环境在调节干细胞命运方面起着至关重要的作用。在开发用于再生医学的生物材料时，引入生化和生物物理线索以模拟细胞外基质可以增强干细胞谱系分化。更具体地说，通过控制合成表面上的纳米拓扑特征可以实现对干细胞命运的调节。纳米拓扑特征的优化导致理想的干细胞功能，这可以使再生治疗的效果最大化。在这篇综述中，总结了纳米拓扑表面，包括静态图案化表面、动态图案化表面和粗糙度，并讨论了它们的制造以及对干细胞行为的影响。随后，介绍了应用具有纳米拓扑特征的生物材料改变不同类型干细胞的最新进展，这指导了功能性生物材料的设计和制造。最后，讨论了该领域基础研究和临床应用的前景。
