Xiong Feng, Mao Rui, Zhao Ruohan, Zhang Lijuan, Tan Kunyue, Liu Chunxia, Wang Shuzhen, Xu Min, Li Yi, Zhang Tongtong
Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jun 28;9:845673. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845673. eCollection 2022.
Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve the prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD), but no convenient screening tools are available. This study aims to find potential non-invasive screening biomarkers of coronary heart disease.
We performed microarray analysis to investigate the mRNA expression levels in Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and screen significantly differentially expressed mRNAs in CHD patients vs. non-CHD patients. We then performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to validate the microarray results, and we calculated the correlations between expression levels and clinicopathological data. Microarray analysis identified 72 downregulated mRNAs and 31 upregulated mRNAs in CHD patients relative to non-CHD patients.
From the study, we found that upregulated sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 5 (S1PR5) and downregulated carnosine synthase 1 (CARNS1) had the most significant differences between the patient group and the control group. S1PR5 expression was correlated with diabetes, heart rate, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and fasting blood glucose ( < 0.05). CARNS1 level was correlated with uric acid (UA) ( < 0.05). Overexpressed S1PR5 and downregulated CARNS1 were independent risk factors for CHD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of S1PR5 was 0.838 for diagnosing CHD; the AUC of CARNS1 was 0.883 for non-CHD; and the AUC of S1PR5 plus CARNS1 was 0.921 for CHD.
Microarray analysis showed that upregulated S1PR5 and downregulated CARNS1 in sEVs have the potential to become non-invasive biomarkers for CHD screening.
早期诊断和治疗可显著改善冠心病（CHD）的预后，但目前尚无便捷的筛查工具。本研究旨在寻找冠心病潜在的非侵入性筛查生物标志物。
我们进行了微阵列分析，以研究小细胞外囊泡（sEVs）中的mRNA表达水平，并筛选冠心病患者与非冠心病患者中显著差异表达的mRNA。然后，我们进行了定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）以验证微阵列结果，并计算了表达水平与临床病理数据之间的相关性。微阵列分析确定，相对于非冠心病患者，冠心病患者中有72种mRNA下调，31种mRNA上调。
通过该研究，我们发现，患者组与对照组之间上调的1-磷酸鞘氨醇受体5（S1PR5）和下调的肌肽合酶1（CARNS1）差异最为显著。S1PR5表达与糖尿病、心率、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白B和空腹血糖相关（P<0.05）。CARNS1水平与尿酸（UA）相关（P<0.05）。S1PR5过表达和CARNS1下调是冠心病的独立危险因素。S1PR5诊断冠心病的受试者工作特征曲线（AUC）下面积为0.838；CARNS1诊断非冠心病的AUC为0.883；S1PR5加CARNS1诊断冠心病的AUC为0.921。
微阵列分析表明，sEVs中S1PR5上调和CARNS1下调有潜力成为冠心病筛查的非侵入性生物标志物。
