Lukoševičiūtė Justė, Gariepy Geneviève, Mabelis Judith, Gaspar Tania, Joffė-Luinienė Roza, Šmigelskas Kastytis
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Faculty of Public Health, Research Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jun 28;13:884520. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.884520. eCollection 2022.
Happiness is becoming increasingly relevant in recent research, including adolescents. Many studies are using the single-item measure for adolescent happiness, however, its validity is not well known. We aimed to examine the validity of this measure among adolescents in three countries from distinct European regions - Eastern (Lithuania), Southern (Portugal), and Western (Scotland).
The analysis included data from Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from three countries and three last surveys (2009/10, 2013/14, and 2017/18). The total sample comprised 47,439 schoolchildren. For validity, the indicators reflecting subjective health, life satisfaction, quality of life, well-being, social support, health complaints, bullying, and self-directed violence were assessed. The calculations were conducted in the total sample and by gender, age, survey year, and country.
The different indicators of concurrent and convergent validity revealed consistent correlations with happiness, with better well-being, health, and subjective perceptions being related to higher happiness. Meanwhile, health complaints, bullying behaviors, and self-directed violence were related to lower happiness. The subgroup differences were consistent across gender, age groups, countries, and survey rounds. The extent of differences was more expressed among girls.
The single item for adolescent happiness measurement features a consistent pattern of validity concerning indicators of concurrent and convergent validity. Higher self-reported happiness is associated with better mental and physical health and well-being, and less expressed negative factors (complaints, bullying, and self-directed violence). In addition, among girls the correlations tend to be stronger than boys.
在包括青少年在内的近期研究中，幸福感正变得越来越重要。许多研究使用单一项目来衡量青少年的幸福感，然而，其有效性尚不清楚。我们旨在检验这一衡量标准在来自欧洲不同地区的三个国家（东欧的立陶宛、南欧的葡萄牙和西欧的苏格兰）的青少年中的有效性。
分析纳入了来自三个国家的学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）研究的数据以及最近的三次调查（2009/10、2013/14和2017/18）。总样本包括47439名学童。为了验证有效性，对反映主观健康、生活满意度、生活质量、幸福感、社会支持、健康问题、欺凌和自我导向暴力的指标进行了评估。计算在总样本中进行，并按性别、年龄、调查年份和国家进行。
同时效度和聚合效度的不同指标显示出与幸福感的一致相关性，幸福感越高，幸福感、健康状况和主观认知越好。同时，健康问题、欺凌行为和自我导向暴力与较低的幸福感相关。亚组差异在性别、年龄组、国家和调查轮次中是一致的。差异程度在女孩中表现得更为明显。
用于测量青少年幸福感的单一项目在同时效度和聚合效度指标方面具有一致的效度模式。自我报告的幸福感越高，与更好的身心健康和幸福感相关，负面因素（问题、欺凌和自我导向暴力）的表现越少。此外，女孩中的相关性往往比男孩更强。
