Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, The 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Kaifeng, Henan 475003, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2022 Jun 5;135(11):1285-1298. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002181.
Immunotherapies targeting cancer neoantigens are safe, effective, and precise. Neoantigens can be identified mainly by genomic techniques such as next-generation sequencing and high-throughput single-cell sequencing; proteomic techniques such as mass spectrometry; and bioinformatics tools based on high-throughput sequencing data, mass spectrometry data, and biological databases. Neoantigen-related therapies are widely used in clinical practice and include neoantigen vaccines, neoantigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and neoantigen-pulsed dendritic cells. In addition, neoantigens can be used as biomarkers to assess immunotherapy response, resistance, and prognosis. Therapies based on neoantigens are an important and promising branch of cancer immunotherapy. Unremitting efforts are needed to unravel the comprehensive role of neoantigens in anti-tumor immunity and to extend their clinical application. This review aimed to summarize the progress in neoantigen research and to discuss its opportunities and challenges in precision cancer immunotherapy.
针对癌症新生抗原的免疫疗法安全、有效且精准。新生抗原主要可通过基因组技术，如下一代测序和高通量单细胞测序；蛋白质组学技术，如质谱；以及基于高通量测序数据、质谱数据和生物数据库的生物信息学工具来识别。新生抗原相关疗法在临床实践中得到广泛应用，包括新生抗原疫苗、新生抗原特异性 CD8+和 CD4+ T 细胞以及新生抗原脉冲树突状细胞。此外，新生抗原可用作评估免疫疗法反应、耐药性和预后的生物标志物。基于新生抗原的疗法是癌症免疫疗法的一个重要且有前途的分支。需要不懈努力来揭示新生抗原在抗肿瘤免疫中的全面作用，并扩展其临床应用。本综述旨在总结新生抗原研究的进展，并讨论其在精准癌症免疫治疗中的机遇和挑战。
