Department of Materials Science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain.
Oral Dis. 2023 Nov;29(8):3583-3598. doi: 10.1111/odi.14314. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Periodontal regenerative therapy using bone-substituting materials has gained favorable clinical significance in enhancing osseous regeneration. These materials should be biocompatible, osteogenic, malleable, and biodegradable. This study assessed the periodontal regenerative capacity of a novel biodegradable bioactive hydrogel template of organic-inorganic composite loaded with melatonin.
A melatonin-loaded alginate-chitosan/beta-tricalcium phosphate composite hydrogel was successfully prepared and characterized. Thirty-six critical-sized bilateral class II furcation defects were created in six Mongrel dogs, and were randomly divided and allocated to three cohorts; sham, unloaded composite, and melatonin-loaded. Periodontal regenerative capacity was evaluated via histologic and histomorphometric analysis.
Melatonin-treated group showed accelerated bone formation and advanced maturity, with a significant twofold increase in newly formed inter-radicular bone compared with the unloaded composite. The short-term regenerative efficacy was evident 4 weeks postoperatively as a significant increase in cementum length concurrent with reduction of entrapped epithelium. After 8 weeks, the scaffold produced a quality of newly synthesized bone similar to normal compact bone, with potent periodontal ligament attachment.
Melatonin-loaded hydrogel template accelerated formation and enhanced quality of newly formed bone, allowing complete periodontal regeneration. Furthermore, the scaffold prevented overgrowth and entrapment of epithelial cells in furcation defects.
使用骨替代材料的牙周再生治疗在增强骨再生方面具有重要的临床意义。这些材料应该具有生物相容性、成骨性、可塑性和可生物降解性。本研究评估了一种新型的有机-无机复合载褪黑素可生物降解的生物活性水凝胶模板的牙周再生能力。
成功制备并表征了载有褪黑素的海藻酸盐-壳聚糖/β-磷酸三钙复合水凝胶。在六只杂种犬中创建了 36 个临界尺寸的双侧 II 类分叉缺损，并将其随机分为三组；假手术组、未加载复合材料组和载褪黑素组。通过组织学和组织形态计量学分析评估牙周再生能力。
褪黑素处理组显示出加速的骨形成和成熟，与未加载复合材料相比，新形成的根间骨增加了两倍。术后 4 周即可明显看到短期再生效果，牙骨质长度增加，同时包裹的上皮减少。8 周后，支架产生的新合成骨质量类似于正常致密骨，具有强大的牙周韧带附着。
载褪黑素水凝胶模板加速了新骨的形成并提高了其质量，从而实现了完全的牙周再生。此外，支架防止了上皮细胞在分叉缺损中的过度生长和包裹。
