膳食可可碱与代表性美国人群认知功能的关系：一项横断面研究。

Association between Dietary Theobromine and Cognitive Function in a Representative American Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

机构信息

Dr Li He, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, China, E-mail:

出版信息

J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2022;9(3):449-457. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2022.39.

DOI:10.14283/jpad.2022.39

PMID:35841246

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Despite reports on neuroprotective effects of dietary theobromine intake, whether dietary theobromine has beneficial effects on cognitive function is unclear.

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the association between dietary theobromine and cognitive function.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional study.

SETTING

Data were collected from the 2011-2014 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the USA.

PARTICIPANTS

A representative American population aged ≥60 years.

MEASUREMENTS

L-theobromine was treated as a log transform and dichotomous form (the highest quantile vs. others). Cognitive function was measured using four tests: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning tests, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease delayed recall test, animal fluency test, and digit symbol substitution test. We conducted multiple regression analyses and subgroup analyses to study the association between theobromine and cognitive performance. Basic characteristics, lifestyle factors, disease history, and nutritional intake were adjusted for in these models.

RESULTS

A total of 2,845 participants were included in the study. The highest quantile of L-theobromine intake was positively associated with sores of delayed recall, animal fluency, and digit symbol substitution tests (β, 95% confidence interval, P: 0.11, -0.00-0.30, 0.049; 0.50, 0.02-0.99, 0.043; 1.55, 0.33-2.77, 0.015; respectively) in the fully adjusted model, but not with immediate recall score (β=0.13, 95% confidence interval -0.16-0.43, P=0.361). Subgroup analyses showed that L-theobromine intake was associated with cognitive performance in the highest quantile of caffeine intake.

CONCLUSIONS

Daily theobromine intake was associated with cognitive performance in a large nationally representative population. However, further research is needed to corroborate our findings.

摘要

背景

尽管有报道称饮食中的可可碱具有神经保护作用，但饮食中的可可碱是否对认知功能有益尚不清楚。

目的

探讨饮食可可碱与认知功能的关系。

设计

横断面研究。

地点

数据来自美国疾病控制与预防中心进行的 2011-2014 年全国健康和营养调查。

参与者

年龄≥60 岁的具有代表性的美国人群。

测量

L-可可碱被视为对数变换和二分形式（最高分位数与其他分位数）。认知功能采用四项测试进行测量：阿尔茨海默病协会注册中心单词学习测试、阿尔茨海默病协会注册中心延迟回忆测试、动物流畅性测试和数字符号替代测试。我们进行了多元回归分析和亚组分析，以研究可可碱与认知表现之间的关系。在这些模型中，调整了基本特征、生活方式因素、病史和营养摄入。

结果

共纳入 2845 名参与者。L-可可碱摄入量最高分位数与延迟回忆、动物流畅性和数字符号替代测试评分呈正相关（β，95%置信区间，P：0.11，-0.00-0.30，0.049；0.50，0.02-0.99，0.043；1.55，0.33-2.77，0.015；分别）在完全调整模型中，但与即时回忆评分无关（β=0.13，95%置信区间-0.16-0.43，P=0.361）。亚组分析显示，L-可可碱摄入量与咖啡因摄入量最高分位数的认知表现相关。