Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
Microbiol Res. 2022 Oct;263:127113. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127113. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), which mostly occurs in hospitalized patients, is the most common and costly health care-associated disease. However, the biology of C. difficile remains incompletely understood. Current therapeutics are still challenged by the frequent recurrence of CDI. Advances in metabolomics facilitate our understanding of the etiology of CDI, which is not merely an alteration in the structure of the gut microbial community but also a dysbiosis metabolic setting promoting the germination, expansion and virulence of C. difficile. Therefore, we summarized the gut microbial and metabolic profiles for CDI under different conditions, such as those of postantibiotic treatment and postfecal microbiota transplantation. The current understanding of the role of host and gut microbial-derived metabolites as well as other nutrients in preventing or alleviating the disease symptoms of CDI will also be provided in this review. We hope that a specific nutrient-centric dietary strategy or the administration of certain nutrients to the colon could serve as an alternate line of investigation for the prophylaxis and mitigation of CDI in the future. Nevertheless, rigorously designed basic studies and randomized controlled trials need to be conducted to assess the functional mechanisms and effects of such therapeutics.
艰难梭菌感染（CDI）主要发生在住院患者中，是最常见和最昂贵的与医疗保健相关的疾病。然而，艰难梭菌的生物学仍不完全清楚。目前的治疗方法仍然受到 CDI 频繁复发的挑战。代谢组学的进步有助于我们理解 CDI 的病因，它不仅仅是肠道微生物群落结构的改变，也是促进艰难梭菌发芽、扩张和毒力的微生物失调代谢环境。因此，我们总结了不同条件下 CDI 的肠道微生物和代谢特征，例如抗生素治疗后和粪便微生物移植后。本综述还介绍了宿主和肠道微生物衍生代谢物以及其他营养素在预防或缓解 CDI 疾病症状中的作用的最新认识。我们希望特定的以营养为中心的饮食策略或向结肠中给予某些营养素，将来可能成为预防和减轻 CDI 的另一种研究方法。然而，需要进行严格设计的基础研究和随机对照试验，以评估这些治疗方法的功能机制和效果。
