Motwani Lakshya, Asif Nailah, Patel Apurva, Vedantam Deepanjali, Poman Devyani S
Research, Smt. Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand (NHL) Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND.
Research, Ras Al Khaimah (RAK) College of Medical Sciences, Ras Al Khaimah, ARE.
Cureus. 2022 Jun 13;14(6):e25905. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25905. eCollection 2022 Jun.
This article explores the various causes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and its associated neuropathy, including the effects of HIV on the nervous system and the long-standing therapy that is often provided to patients with HIV. Several studies regarding the neurotoxic effects of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and HIV were reviewed and various hypotheses were discussed. Furthermore, we present the nature of HIV-sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) among different demographic populations and their subsequent risk factors predisposing them to this condition. It was observed that the incidence of the disease increases in increased survival of the patients as well as in males. Finally, the current approach to HIV-SN and its overlapping features with other causes of peripheral neuropathy have been discussed which demonstrates that a clinical examination is the most important clue for a healthcare professional to suspect the disease. Our main aim was to study the current perspectives and guidelines for diagnosing and managing a patient with HIV-SN to reduce disease prevalence and bring about a more aware frame of mind when following up with an HIV patient.
本文探讨了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的各种病因及其相关神经病变，包括HIV对神经系统的影响以及通常为HIV患者提供的长期治疗。回顾了几项关于联合抗逆转录病毒疗法（cART）和HIV的神经毒性作用的研究，并讨论了各种假说。此外，我们阐述了不同人群中HIV感觉神经病变（HIV-SN）的性质及其易患该病的后续风险因素。据观察，随着患者生存率的提高以及男性患者数量的增加，该病的发病率也在上升。最后，讨论了目前针对HIV-SN的治疗方法及其与其他周围神经病变病因的重叠特征，这表明临床检查是医护人员怀疑该病的最重要线索。我们的主要目的是研究目前诊断和管理HIV-SN患者的观点和指南，以降低疾病患病率，并在对HIV患者进行随访时提高警惕。
