Levine J M, Demb H B
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1987 Apr;8(2):77-82.
Pediatricians and child psychiatrists encounter preschool children who are not autistic, but who have early deficits in both interpersonal and communication skills. Confusion exists over their diagnosis. Eighteen atypical children currently diagnosed as having an atypical pervasive developmental disorder are described. Areas discussed are social relatedness, speech and language, mental status, cognition, behavior, perception, social background, and medical/neurological status. These children constitute a distinct and frequently seen group within the spectrum of pervasive developmental disorders. Their characteristics are not currently captured within a diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Third Edition (DSM-III), of the American Psychiatric Association. A revision of DSM-III, DSM-III-R, is currently being prepared. These children may not be captured within a diagnostic category in DSM-III-R. The distinguishing characteristics are onset before the age of three, language delay with disordered communication, social relationships characterized by variable relatedness, ritualistic or manneristic behaviors, the likelihood of hyperactivity and/or a short attention span, affective disturbances, excessive anxiety, and a thinking disorder or perseverative behaviors.
儿科医生和儿童精神科医生会接触到一些学龄前儿童，他们并非自闭症患者，但在人际交往和沟通技能方面存在早期缺陷。对于他们的诊断存在困惑。本文描述了18名目前被诊断为患有非典型广泛性发育障碍的非典型儿童。讨论的领域包括社会关系、言语和语言、精神状态、认知、行为、感知、社会背景以及医学/神经学状况。这些儿童在广泛性发育障碍谱系中构成了一个独特且常见的群体。美国精神病学协会《诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）目前的诊断类别未能涵盖他们的特征。目前正在编写DSM-III的修订版DSM-III-R。这些儿童可能也不会被DSM-III-R的诊断类别所涵盖。其显著特征包括三岁前发病、伴有沟通障碍的语言发育迟缓、以多变的亲密度为特征的社会关系、仪式化或特殊行为、多动和/或注意力短暂的可能性、情感障碍、过度焦虑以及思维障碍或持续性行为。
