《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版及第三版修订本对幼儿园儿童自闭症及广泛性发育障碍的诊断

DSM-III and DSM-III-R diagnosis of autism and pervasive developmental disorder in nursery school children.

作者信息

Hertzig M E, Snow M E, New E, Shapiro T

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York.

出版信息

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;29(1):123-6. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199001000-00019.

DOI:10.1097/00004583-199001000-00019

PMID:2295564

Abstract

DSM-III and DSM-III-R diagnoses of 112 developmentally disordered preschool children were compared. There was no significant difference between the DSM-III and DSM-III-R diagnosis of the inclusive category of pervasive developmental disorder, but nearly twice as many cases (58) were diagnosed as autistic disorder by DSM-III-R criteria as were diagnosed as infantile autism (31) by DSM-III. Thirty children met both DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria for autism (IA/AD) and 23 received a DSM-III diagnosis of atypical PDD (A-PDD) and a DSM-III-R diagnosis of AD (A-PDD/AD). All of the IA/AD children and none of the A-PDD/AD group displayed a marked lack of awareness of others. DSM-III-R criteria have specifically broadened the concept of autism to include children who, although socially impaired, are not pervasively unresponsive to others.

摘要

对112名发育障碍学龄前儿童的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（DSM-III-R）诊断结果进行了比较。在广泛性发育障碍这一综合类别中，DSM-III和DSM-III-R的诊断结果没有显著差异，但根据DSM-III-R标准被诊断为孤独症谱系障碍的病例数（58例）几乎是根据DSM-III被诊断为婴儿孤独症的病例数（31例）的两倍。30名儿童同时符合DSM-III和DSM-III-R的孤独症诊断标准（IA/AD），23名儿童获得了DSM-III的非典型广泛性发育障碍（A-PDD）诊断和DSM-III-R的孤独症谱系障碍（AD）诊断（A-PDD/AD）。所有IA/AD儿童都表现出明显的对他人缺乏意识，而A-PDD/AD组中没有儿童表现出这种情况。DSM-III-R标准特别拓宽了孤独症的概念，将那些虽然社交功能受损，但并非普遍对他人无反应的儿童也包括在内。