Hertzig M E, Snow M E, New E, Shapiro T
Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;29(1):123-6. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199001000-00019.
DSM-III and DSM-III-R diagnoses of 112 developmentally disordered preschool children were compared. There was no significant difference between the DSM-III and DSM-III-R diagnosis of the inclusive category of pervasive developmental disorder, but nearly twice as many cases (58) were diagnosed as autistic disorder by DSM-III-R criteria as were diagnosed as infantile autism (31) by DSM-III. Thirty children met both DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria for autism (IA/AD) and 23 received a DSM-III diagnosis of atypical PDD (A-PDD) and a DSM-III-R diagnosis of AD (A-PDD/AD). All of the IA/AD children and none of the A-PDD/AD group displayed a marked lack of awareness of others. DSM-III-R criteria have specifically broadened the concept of autism to include children who, although socially impaired, are not pervasively unresponsive to others.
对112名发育障碍学龄前儿童的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（DSM-III-R）诊断结果进行了比较。在广泛性发育障碍这一综合类别中，DSM-III和DSM-III-R的诊断结果没有显著差异，但根据DSM-III-R标准被诊断为孤独症谱系障碍的病例数（58例）几乎是根据DSM-III被诊断为婴儿孤独症的病例数（31例）的两倍。30名儿童同时符合DSM-III和DSM-III-R的孤独症诊断标准（IA/AD），23名儿童获得了DSM-III的非典型广泛性发育障碍（A-PDD）诊断和DSM-III-R的孤独症谱系障碍（AD）诊断（A-PDD/AD）。所有IA/AD儿童都表现出明显的对他人缺乏意识，而A-PDD/AD组中没有儿童表现出这种情况。DSM-III-R标准特别拓宽了孤独症的概念，将那些虽然社交功能受损，但并非普遍对他人无反应的儿童也包括在内。
