Pivnick Lilla K, Gordon Rachel A, Crosnoe Robert
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Soc Psychol Q. 2020 Sep;83(3):272-293. doi: 10.1177/0190272520936228. Epub 2020 Aug 5.
During the transition into high school, adolescents sort large sets of unfamiliar peers into prototypical peer crowds thought to share similar values, behaviors, and interests (e.g., Jocks). Often, such sorting is based solely on appearance. This study investigates the accuracy of this sorting process in relation to actual characteristics using video and survey data from a longitudinal sample of U.S. youths who attended high school in the mid- to late-2000s. To simulate this sorting process, we asked same-birth-cohort strangers to view short videos of youths at age 15 and to classify those strangers into likely crowd membership. We then compared the classifications they made to how adolescents characterized themselves at that same time point. Results show that peer crowd classification predicts aspects of unknown peers' mental health, academic achievement, extracurricular involvement, social status, and risk-taking behaviors.
在升入高中的过渡阶段，青少年会将大量不熟悉的同龄人归为具有典型特征的同伴群体，这些群体被认为具有相似的价值观、行为和兴趣（例如，运动员群体）。通常，这种归类仅仅基于外表。本研究利用21世纪中期到后期在美国上高中的青少年纵向样本的视频和调查数据，调查了这种归类过程与实际特征相关的准确性。为了模拟这种归类过程，我们让同年出生队列中的陌生人观看15岁青少年的短视频，并将这些陌生人归类到可能所属的群体。然后，我们将他们做出的分类与青少年在同一时间点对自己的描述进行比较。结果表明，同伴群体分类能够预测未知同伴的心理健康、学业成绩、课外参与、社会地位和冒险行为等方面。
