Yang Chao, Wang Changming, Chen Xuanyu, Xiao Bing, Fu Na, Ren Bo, Liu Yi
College of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Jun 30;16:895826. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.895826. eCollection 2022.
This study investigated the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the neural mechanism of visual perception. A preliminary case-control study was conducted. Seventeen patients with moderate to severe OSA in the sleep center of Civil Aviation General Hospital and 20 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and education were recruited. The participants accepted the perceptual contour integration task, compared the differences in behavioral indicators between the two groups, and compared the differences in electroencephalography (EEG) data between the two groups through event-related potential (ERP) technology. The groups did not differ significantly in age and gender, but they differed significantly in body mass index (BMI) (OSA higher than healthy controls, < 0.05). The groups were not statistically different in terms of sleep structure and total sleep time. AHI, sleep efficiency, and minimal SaO value in the OSA group were significantly different from those of the control group. The results showed that the average reaction time of the OSA group was significantly longer than that of the healthy control group in the contour integration task. There was no significant difference in the accuracy rate. The results of EEG showed that the amplitudes of N100 of the OSA group were significantly higher than those of the control group at O1, Oz, and O2 electrodes. There was no significant difference in latency between the two groups. At the FCz electrode, the amplitudes of N200 of the OSA group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Therefore, we concluded that in the early stage of the perceptual integration task, although the neural response activity of patients with moderate and severe OSA was not accelerated, they need to call on more psychological resources, activate more neurons in the contour global recognition processing stage, and the compensatory effect of frontal lobe appeared in the stage of visual perception.
本研究调查了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）对视觉感知神经机制的影响。进行了一项初步的病例对照研究。招募了民航总医院睡眠中心的17例中重度OSA患者以及20名年龄、性别和教育程度相匹配的健康对照者。参与者接受了感知轮廓整合任务，比较了两组之间行为指标的差异，并通过事件相关电位（ERP）技术比较了两组脑电图（EEG）数据的差异。两组在年龄和性别上无显著差异，但在体重指数（BMI）上有显著差异（OSA组高于健康对照组，<0.05）。两组在睡眠结构和总睡眠时间方面无统计学差异。OSA组的呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、睡眠效率和最低血氧饱和度（SaO）值与对照组有显著差异。结果显示，在轮廓整合任务中，OSA组的平均反应时间显著长于健康对照组。准确率无显著差异。EEG结果显示，OSA组在O1、Oz和O2电极处的N100波幅显著高于对照组。两组之间潜伏期无显著差异。在FCz电极处，OSA组的N200波幅显著高于对照组。因此，我们得出结论，在感知整合任务的早期阶段，尽管中重度OSA患者的神经反应活动没有加速，但他们需要调用更多的心理资源，在轮廓全局识别处理阶段激活更多的神经元，并且在视觉感知阶段出现了额叶的代偿作用。
