El Bilbeisi Abdel Hamid, Al-Jawaldeh Ayoub, Albelbeisi Ali, Abuzerr Samer, Elmadfa Ibrahim, Nasreddine Lara
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Palestine, Gaza, Palestine.
Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), World Health Organization (WHO), Cairo, Egypt.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jun 29;9:890850. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.890850. eCollection 2022.
The present study aimed to determine the association of household food insecurity with dietary intakes and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among school-aged children.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of school-aged children. A total of 380 children and their parents were selected from all Gaza strip governorates, using a random sampling method. The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics; the Radimer/Cornell food security scale; two non-consecutive days of 24-h dietary recall; anthropometric measurements; and the Food and Agriculture Organization KAP-questionnaire (Module 3) were employed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.
About 71.6% of school-aged children were household food-insecure, while 28.4% were household food-secure. Significant associations were found between living area, educational level, household monthly income, weight for age and BMI for age z-scores, underweight, malnutrition status, intakes of protein, iron, vitamin D, and zinc among household food-secure, and household food-insecure. After adjustment for confounding variables, having nutrition-related adequate KAP were associated with lower odds of being food-insecure household [ = 0.519, 95% ( = 0.320-0.841)], [ = 0.510, 95% = (0.315-0.827)], and [ = 0.466, 95% = (0.285-0.763), < 0.05 for all], respectively.
Low socioeconomic status, low anthropometric indices, poor dietary intakes may be associated with a high level of food-insecurity; while having nutrition-related adequate KAP may be protective against food-insecurity among school-aged children.
本研究旨在确定家庭粮食不安全状况与学龄儿童的饮食摄入量以及营养相关知识、态度和行为（KAP）之间的关联。
本横断面研究在具有代表性的学龄儿童样本中进行。采用随机抽样方法，从加沙地带所有省份共选取了380名儿童及其父母。使用了人口统计学和社会经济特征、拉迪默/康奈尔粮食安全量表、连续两天的24小时饮食回顾、人体测量以及联合国粮食及农业组织KAP问卷（模块3）。使用SPSS 25版进行统计分析。
约71.6%的学龄儿童家庭粮食不安全，而28.4%的家庭粮食安全。在家庭粮食安全和家庭粮食不安全的儿童之间，发现居住地区、教育水平、家庭月收入、年龄别体重和年龄别BMI z评分、体重不足、营养不良状况、蛋白质、铁、维生素D和锌的摄入量之间存在显著关联。在对混杂变量进行调整后，具备与营养相关的充足KAP与粮食不安全家庭的较低几率相关[比值比 = 0.519，95%置信区间 =（0.320 - 0.841）]、[比值比 = 0.510，95%置信区间 =（0.315 - 0.827）]和[比值比 = 0.466，95%置信区间 =（0.285 - 0.763），所有P均<0.05]。
社会经济地位低、人体测量指标低、饮食摄入量差可能与高水平的粮食不安全相关；而具备与营养相关的充足KAP可能对学龄儿童的粮食不安全具有保护作用。
